Piano and Song-Friedrich Wieck

0:00This is Matt Rogers from Los Coulteries, that's with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Coulteries, that's Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food, and suddenly it's like, okay, hold on. I got a new favorite food. That's the reaction a lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. Yeah, it's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it at the grocery store. And this mayo is different. Mm-hmm. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really care about flavor use it, put it on just about anything. Then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi, I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet, I know what I'm talking about. That's why I recommend optimum, fiber-powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds, starting at only $30 a month with a five-year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal

1:01by calling 8669 optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch? That's 8669 optimum. Speaking of fetch, that's my cue. Terms apply, seeoptimum.com for details. Boom! No! Come on. Kids, what should we order for dinner? Pizza. Tye. Tacos. Hey, boys, let's not get local. What kind of restaurants will people try and tacos? All in the place, all my guys. Why can't we have food without the bus? With wonder, you can combine 20 restaurants and win delivery, so your family never has to compromise. Use code MealTime for 50% off your first wonder order, Terms Apply, see wonder.com slash new customer. Introduction to piano and song by Friedrich Vick. This is a Libravox recording. All Libravox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Libravox.org.

2:01Piano and song. How to teach, how to learn, and how to form a judgment of musical performances. Translated from the German of Friedrich Vick. Boston, Lockwood, Brooks, and Company 1875. Enter, according to active Congress in the year 1875, by noise, homes, and company in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, Cambridge, Press of John Wilson, and Son. Translators, Preface. Friedrich Vick, the author of the work, a translation of which is here offered to the public, was during his long life a distinguished teacher of music. He died in the autumn of 1873. He was the father and teacher of the celebrated pianist, Clara Vick, now Fraud Dr. Clara Schumann, widow of the renowned composer, Robert Schumann, who was also a pupil of Vick.

3:03His second daughter, Fraud Lane Marie Vick, is well known in Germany as an artistic performer on the piano fort. I have translated this little book with the belief that a knowledge of the author's views will be no less valuable in America than in his own country. And with the hope that it may find readers who will be glad to receive the suggestions of so experienced a teacher. In illustration of his method, in addition to the two of Tudes, already published by F. Whistling, Leipzig, a number of piano exercises, et cetera, selected from the literary remains of Vick by his daughter Marie Vick, and his pupil, Louis Gruss, or it is said about to be published. I have omitted in the translation a few portions on the composition and management of the opera, on the giving of concerts, and on the construction of the piano, thinking that they would be of little interest or practical value to the general public. Mary P. Nichols, preface to the first edition.

4:06I here present to the musical public a book written in a style of my own, not a scientific and systematically well-arranged treatise. This no reasonable man would expect of an old musicmaster, who, in his long practice in the realm of tones, could not arrive at learned and too often fruitless deductions. Nature made me susceptible to that which is good and beautiful. A correct instinct and a tolerable understanding have taught me to avoid the false and the vicious. A desire for increased knowledge has led me to observe carefully whatever I met with in my path in life. And I may say without hesitation that I have endeavored, according to my ability, to fill the position to which I have been called. This is no vain boast, but only the justifiable assertion of a good conscience, and this no man needs to withhold. For these reasons I have been unwilling to refrain from giving the world the true expression of my opinions and feelings.

5:08I trust that they will meet with a few sympathizing spirits who are willing to understand my aims. But I shall be still more happy if here and there a music teacher will adopt the views here set forth, at the same time carefully and thoughtfully supplying many things, which had not entered into my plan to explain in more detail. Abundant material lay spread out before me, and even increased upon my hands while I was riding. Art is indeed so comprehensive, and everything in life is so closely connected with it, that whoever loves and fosters it will daily find in it, new sources of enjoyment and new incitements to study. The most experienced teacher of art must be a constant learner. I have always held and still hold the opinions advanced in this work, and I have neglected no opportunity to impress them upon my pupils. I may be allowed to mention here with some satisfaction my daughters Clara and Marie,

6:09and among numerous other pupils I speak with equal pleasure of the estimable Hare Voldemort Heller of Dresden, and Professor E. F. Vensel of Leipzig. I have always enjoyed their affection and gratitude, and I feel a pride that they continue to defend and to teach the principles which they have received from me. This is not the first time that I have appeared as an author. The signal for the musicalish of Elte, as well as the news Zaitsfricht from Music, have published numerous essays from my pen under various titles. The approval which they met with, at the time of their appearance, has induced me to undertake this larger work. Several of those earlier writings are included in this book, but in a partially altered form. The frequently recurring character, the teacher Domini, originated with these essays. I need hardly say that he represents my humble self. Those who are otherwise unacquainted with me will, through him,

7:11understand my character, and will more oversee that a man of such costic brevity can be, by no means, the master of polished style. May this last acknowledgement appease all those critics whose hair is made to stand on end by my ineligant mode of writing. I will make no further apology from my style. I have often availed myself of the dialogue form, because it was conducive to brevity. Not less frequently, I have made use of the form of a pistol, and of personal discourse, as being more congenial to my individual manner, than that of a serious treatise. I have also undertaken to say something about singing. A piano teacher, if he is possessed of mind and talent, as I suppose him to be, whether he teaches the elements or occupies himself with more advanced instruction, should understand the art of singing. He, at least, should show a warm interest in it, and should have an earnest love for it. When I speak in general of singing, I refer to that species of singing, which is a form of beauty,

8:16and which is the foundation for the most refined and most perfect interpretation of music, and above all things, I consider the culture of beautiful tones the basis for the finest possible touch upon the piano. In many respects, the piano and singing should explain and supplement each other. They should mutually assist in expressing the sublime and the noble, in forms of unclouded beauty. My book will make this evident to many, but whether it will succeed with all I doubt. Not a few will even be found who will lay aside my book with contempt, and who will scorn the zeal of the man of the past age. I am quite prepared for this. It is the fashion at present to undervalue the old times and their defenders, but I shall continue to be conservative until the men of the future shall be able to show me results, which shall excel those of the past, or at least shall equal them.

9:16And now I commend my little book to the public, trusting that I will instruct the willing, correct the airing, incite the indolent, and chastise those who willfully persist in the wrong. The author. End of the introduction. Chapter 1 of piano and song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Libravox recording. All Libravox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Libravox.org. Chapter 1 on elementary piano forte instruction You ask my dear friend for some particular information about my piano method, especially with regard to my mode of elementary instruction, which differs essentially from that in common use. I give you here the main points, and if you place confidence in my experience of 40 years, and if you will supply those details which I have omitted, your own varied experience as a thoughtful,

10:17talented and earnest piano teacher will enable you to understand my theory, from the following dialogue between my humble self under the title of Dominic, Red by Algie Pog. My friend, Red by Marty Chris, and the little Bessie. Red by Cheyenne Danel. My dear friend, how have you managed to make piano playing so utterly distasteful to Little Suzy? And how is it that the instruction which you have given her for the past three years actually amounts to nothing? Well, I will tell you how I have proceeded. First, I taught her the names of the keys. That was pretty dull work for her. Then I made her learn the trouble notes, which was a difficult matter. After that, I taught her the bass notes, which puzzled her still more. Then I undertook to teach her a pretty little piece which she hoped to perform for the delight of her parents. Of course, she constantly confused the bass and trouble notes. She could not keep time, she always used the wrong fingers, and could not learn it at all.

11:19Then I scolded her. She only cried. I tried a little coaxing that made her cry worse. Finally, I put an end to the piano lessons, and she begged me never to begin them again, and there you have the whole story. You certainly might have begun more judiciously. How is it possible for a child to climb a ladder, when not only the lower rounds, but a great many more are wanting? Nature makes no leaps, least of all, with children. But did she not begin to climb the ladder at the bottom? By no means. She certainly never was able to reach the top, I should say, rather, that she tumbled down head foremost. To speak mildly, she began to climb in the middle, and even then you tried to chase her up, instead of allowing her carefully and quietly to clamber up one step at a time. Bring me your youngest daughter, Bessie, and I will show you how I give a first lesson. Bessie, can you say your letters after me?

12:22So, C-D-E-F C-D-E-F Go on, G-A-B-C G-A-B-C Once more, the first four again, then the next four. That's right. Now all the eight, one after the other, C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C After repeating this several times, that's good. Now you see you've learned something already. That is a musical alphabet, and those are the names of the white keys on the piano for tea. Presently, you shall find them out, and learn to name them yourself. But first, you must take notice. I strike the keys in succession with my finger from the one-lined C to the highest treble.

13:25That these sounds grow higher and become sharper one after the other. And in this way, I strike the keys from the one-lined C to the lowest to base. You hear that the sounds grow lower and heavier. The upper half to the right is called the treble. The lower half is the bass. You quite understand now the difference between the high sharp turns and the low deep ones. Now we will go on. What you see here, and we'll learn to play upon, is called the keyboard, consisting of white keys and black ones. You shall presently learn to give the right names both to the white keys and the black. You see, there are always two black keys, and then three black keys together, all the way up and down the keyboard. Now put the four finger of your right hand on the lower one of any of the two black keys that are together. And let it slip off to the white key next below it.

14:25Now you will find the key called C. What is the name of the next key above it? See the whole musical alphabet. C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C Well then, that key is called D. And this one must be E. And now comes F. Anywhere on the keyboard, you can find F just as easily. If you put your finger on the lowest of any three black keys that are together, and let it slip off to the white key next below it. If you remember where these two keys F and C are, both in the treble and the bass, you can easily find the names of all the other keys. Now, what is the next key above F? G-M-D-A-B-C Now we will say over several times the names of the keys, upwards and downwards, and learn to find them skipping about in any irregular order. At the end of the lesson we will try them over once more.

15:28And before the next lesson you will know the names of all the white keys. You must practice finding them out by yourself. You can't make a mistake if you are careful to remember where the C and the F are. I told you that the sounds this way, I strike the keys upwards, grow higher, and this way I strike them downwards, they grow lower. So you see no turns are just alike. One is either higher or lower than the other. Do you hear the difference? Now turn around so as not to see the keys. I will strike two keys one after the other. Now which is the highest? The sharpest? The first or the second? I go on in this way, gradually touching keys nearer and nearer together. Sometimes in order to puzzle her and to excite close attention, I strike the lower one gently and the higher one stronger and keep on sounding them, lower and lower towards the base, according to the capacity of the pupil.

16:30I suppose you will find it a little tiresome to listen so closely. But a delicate quick ear is necessary for piano playing and by and by it will become easier to you. But I won't tie you with it any more now. We will go on to something else. Can you count three? One, two, three? Yes indeed and more too. We'll see. Now keep counting one, two, three, one, two, three as evenly and regularly as you can. I lead her to count steadily and strike at the same time accord in three even quarter notes. Now we'll see if you can count evenly by yourself. I count one of the chord with her and leave her to count two and three by herself. Or else I count with her at two and let her count one and three alone. But I am careful to strike the chord promptly and with precision. This is Matt Rodgers from Lost Culture East. This is Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang.

17:31This is Bowen Yang from Lost Culture East. This is Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like, wait. That's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything. Then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi, I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet, I know what I'm talking about.

18:32That's why I recommend optimum, fiber-powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds, starting at only $30 a month with a five-year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal by calling 8669Optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch? That's 8669Optimum. Speaking of fetch, that's my cue. Terms apply, seeoptimum.com for details. Boom! No! Come on! Kids, what should we order for dinner? Pizza! Thai! Tacos! Hey boys, let's knock you local. What kind of restaurants will pizza-tie tacos? Only the police! All my girls! Why can't we have food without the bus? With wonder, you can combine 20 restaurants and one delivery, so your family never has to compromise. Download the app today. Wonder, food without the fight. Afterwards, I strike the chord in eighth notes and let her count 1, 2, 3.

19:32In short, I give the chord in various ways in order to teach her steadiness in counting and to confine her attention. In the same way, I teach her to count 1, 2, 1, 2. Or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. At the same time, telling her that music is sometimes counted in triple time and sometimes in 2, 4 or 4-4 time. Now, Bessie, you have learned to count very well and to know the difference in the tones. It is not every child that learns this in the first lesson. If you don't get tired of it, you will sometimes learn to be a good player. As soon as you are rested, I will tell you about something else that you have to listen to very carefully. But I like it and will take pains to listen just as closely as I can. When several tones are struck at the same time, if they sound well together, they make what we call a chord. But there are both major and minor chords. The major chord sounds jois, gay.

20:35The minor, sad, dull, as you would say. The former laugh, the latter weep. Now take notice whether I am right. I strike the chord of C major, then after a short pause, that of C minor. And try, by a stronger or lighter touch, to make her listen first to the major and then to the minor chords. She usually distinguishes correctly, but it will not do it at well too long upon these at first. Or to try to enforce anything by too much talk and explanation. Now I will tell you that the difference in the sounds of these chords is in the third, counted upwards from the lower note C. And depends upon whether you take it half a note higher. Or lower, E or E flat. I shall explain this better to you by and by. When you come to learn about the tonic, the third, the fifth, or dominant, the octave, and so on. It is advantageous and psychologically correct to touch occasionally,

21:37in passing, upon points which we more thoroughly taught later. It excites the interest of the pupil. Thus the customary technical terms are sometimes made use of beforehand and a needful cursory explanation given of them. That is right. You can tell them pretty well already. Now we will repeat once more the names of the keys, and then we will stop for today. Just see how many things you have learned in this lesson. It was beautiful. I hope you will always find it so. When may I have another lesson? Day after tomorrow. At first you must have at least three lessons a week. But shall I do in the next lesson? I shall repeat all that I have taught you today, but I shall teach you a great deal of it in a different way. And every time I shall teach it to you differently, so that it shall always be interesting to you. In the next lesson we will begin to play, first on the table, and at last on the piano. You will learn to move your fingers lightly and loosely,

22:38and quite independently of the arm. Though at first they will be weak, and you will learn to raise them and let them fall properly. Besides that, we will contrive a few exercises to teach you to make the wrist loose. For that must be learned in the beginning in order to acquire a fine touch on the piano. That is, to make the turn sound as beautiful as possible. I shall show you how to sit at the piano and how to hold your hands. You will learn the names of the black keys and the scale of C, with the half step from the third to the fourth, and also that from the seventh to the eighth, which later is called the leading note, which leads into C. This is quite important for my method, for in this way the different keys can be clearly explained. You will learn how to find the chord of C in the bass and the treble, and distract them with both hands together, and then in the third or fourth lesson, after you know quite perfectly all that I have already taught you, I will teach you to play a little piece that will please you,

23:40and then you will really be a player, a pianist. From whom have you learned all this? It goes like the lightning train. A great many people can learn what is to be taught, but how it is to be taught, I have only found out by diverting my whole mind, with real love and constant thought, to the musical improvement and general mental development of my pupils. The advancement will unquestionably be rapid, for it proceeds step by step, and one thing is founded upon another, the people learn everything quietly, thoughtfully and surely, without going round about, without any hindrances and mistakes to be unlearned. I never tried to teach too much or too little, and in teaching each thing, I tried to prepare and lay the foundation for other things to be afterwards learned. I consider it very important not to try to cram the child's memory with the teacher's wisdom, as is often done in a crude and harsh way, but I endeavour to excite the people's mind

24:42to interest it and to let it develop itself, and not to degrade it to a mere machine. I do not require the practice of a vague, dreary, time and mind-killing piano jingling, in which way, as I see, nor did all Susie was obliged to learn, but I observe a musical method, and in doing so, always keep strictly in view the individuality and gradual development of the pupil, in more advanced instruction, I even take an interest in the general culture and disposition of the pupil, and improve every opportunity to call forth the sense of beauty and continually to aid in the intellectual development. But where are the notes of this time? This is Matt Rogers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try new food, and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle.

25:42You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake, because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Examances, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi, I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet, I know what I'm talking about. That's why I recommend optimum, fiber-powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds, starting at only $30 a month with a five-year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal by calling 8669Optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch?

26:44That's 8669Optimum. Speaking of fetch, that's my cue. Terms apply, seeoptimum.com for details. McDonald's is putting value back on the menu. Whether you're craving a big mac, McNuggets are sausage egg and cheese, McGrittle's, make it a meal and save. Your favorite is now your wallet's favorite too. Extra value meals are back. Get a big something extra. With a big mac or 10-piece McNuggets, fries and a medium Coke all for just $9. Limited time only, promotion pricing may be lower than meal pricing. Ba-da-ba-ba-ba. Before that, we have a great deal to do that is interesting and agreeable. I keep constantly in view the formation of a good technique, but I do not make piano playing distasteful to the pupil by urging her to a useless and senseless mechanical practicing. I may perhaps teach the treble notes after the first six months or after 60 or 80 lessons,

27:45but I teach them in my own peculiar way so that the pupils mind may be kept constantly active. With my own daughters, I did not teach the treble notes till the end of the first year's instruction. The bass notes several months later. But what did you do meanwhile? You really ought to be able to answer that question for yourself after hearing this lesson and what I have said about it. I have cultivated a musical taste in my pupils and almost taught them to be skillful, good players without knowing a note. I taught a correct light touch of the keys from the fingers and of hold cords from the wrist. To this I've added the scales in all the keys, but these should not be taught at first with both hands together. The pupils may gradually acquire the habit of practicing the together later, but it is not desirable to insist on this too early. For in playing the scales with both hands together, the weakness of the fourth finger is concealed and intention distracted from the feeble turns, and the result is an unequal and poor scale.

28:48At the same time, I have in every way cultivated the sense of time and taught the division of the bars. I've helped the pupils to invent little cadences with the dominant and sub-dominant and even little exercises to their great delight and advantage. And I have, of course, at the same time insisted on the use of the correct fingering. You see that in order to become practical, I begin with the theory. So, for instance, I teach the people to find the triad and the dominant chord of the seventh with their transpositions in every key and to practice them diligently and to make use of all these chords in all sorts of new figures and passages. But all this must be done without haste, without tiring the people too much with one thing, or wary out the interest, which is all important. After that, I teach them to play 50 or 60 little pieces which I have written for this purpose. They are short, rhythmically balanced, agreeable and striking to the ear,

29:48and aim to develop gradually an increased mechanical skill. I require them to be learned by heart and often to be transposed into other keys in which way the memory, which is indispensable for piano playing, is unconsciously greatly increased. They must be learned perfectly and played well, often according to the capacity of the pupil, even finely in strict time, counting aloud is seldom necessary and without stumbling or hesitating. First slowly, then fast, faster, slow again, staccato, legato, piano, forte, crescendo, diminuendo, etc. This murder of instruction I find always successful, but I do not put the card before the horse, and without previous technical instruction, begin my piano lessons with the extremely difficult requirement of the treble and bass notes. In a word I have striven as a psychologist and thinker,

30:49as a man and teacher, for a many-sided culture. I have also paid great attention to the art of singing, as a necessary foundation for piano playing. I have devoted some talent, and at least an enthusiastic, unweried love to the subject. I have never stood still, I have learned something, of teaching every day, and have sought always to improve myself. I have always been something new and different, in every lesson, and with every child. I have always kept up a cheerful, joyous carriage, and this has usually kindled the same in my people, because it came from the heart. Moreover, I have never been a man of routine, have never shown myself a pedant, who has obliged to hold fast to certain ideas and views. I have lived up to the century, and have tried to understand and to advance the age, have heard everything great and fared in music, and have induced my pupils also to hear it. I have opposed with determination all prejudices

31:50and false tendencies of the times, and have never allowed impatient parents to give advice about my lessons. I have insisted upon a good and well-tuned instrument for my pupils, and have endeavoured to merit the love and confidence, both at my pupils and of their parents. In fact, I have diverted myself thoroughly to my calling, and have been wholly a teacher, always fixing my eye on the true, the beautiful, and the artistic, and in this way, have been of service to my pupils. But how do you find parents who sympathise with your ideas and with your lofty views? I have found that all best all the parents and my pupils have entered into my views, if not immediately, at least after they had been present at a few lessons. In the case of those few who would not enter into them, I have abandoned the lessons, but nevertheless, I have found that my time has been fully occupied. My friend, do you not think that views like these

32:52will assist in the training of young and inexperienced teachers who are striving for improvement? And do you not think they will be useful even to those who already possess general mental culture, and who are animated by an ardent love for their calling? I especially avoid giving here any exclusive method, a servile following of which would be entirely contrary to my intentions, and in fact contrary to my method. But as for the rest, alas, or those who do not understand me, or who choose to misunderstand me, those are the worst, especially the ill-natured people, the classical people who prey about music, stride straight to the notes, and have no patience till they come to be turban, who foolishly pray to infume about my unclassical management, but at bottom early wish to conceal their own unskilledfulness, their want of culture and of disinterestedness,

33:55or to excuse their habitual drudgery. Lazy people without talent, I cannot undertake to inspire it, to teach, and to cultivate. This chapter will, almost by itself, point out to un-pregidist minds my method of giving more advanced instruction, and will show in what spirit I have educated my own daughters, even to the highest point of musical culture, without using the slightest severity. It will indeed cause great vexation to the ill-minded and even to the plight world, who attribute the musical position of my daughters in the artistic world, to a tyranny used by me, to a moderate and unheard of practicing, and to tortures of every kind, and who do not hesitate to invent and industriously to circulate the most absurd reports about it, instead of inquiring into what I have already published about teaching, and comparing it with the management which, with their own children, has led only to senseless thirming.

34:56End of chapter 1 Chapter 2 of Piano and Song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Liebervox recording. All Liebervox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Liebervox.org. Chapter 2 An evening entertainment at Herzocks. Dramatist Persona Herr Zack, formerly a flute player, not very wealthy, Herr Zack, read by Peter Bishop. His wife, of the family T.Z. Rather sharp tempered, Mrs. Zack, read by Liberty Stump. Stock, her son, 17 years old, is studying the piano thoroughly. Stock, read by Marty Chris. Mr. Buffalo, music master of the family. Mr. Buffalo, read by Alan 1405.

35:57Dominie Piano teacher, rather gruff. Dominie, read by Algie Pog. Cecilia, his daughter, 13 years old, shy. To Dominie. I regret that I was unable to attend the concert yesterday. I was formally musical myself and played on the flute. Your daughter, I believe, plays pretty well. Well, yes, perhaps something more than pretty well. We are in earnest about music. Envious because Cecilia received applause for her public performance yesterday, and because Mr. Buffalo had been unable to bring out stock, all in one breath. When did your daughter begin to play? Just how old is she now? Does she like playing? They say you are very strict and tie your daughters to the piano stool. How many hours a day do you make a practice? Don't you make her exert herself too much? Has she talent? Isn't she sickly? Don't you think she looks in good health, madam? Tall and strong for her years?

36:58But perhaps she might look more cheerful if she was not obliged to play on the piano so much. Bowie. I can't exactly say. Suddenly interrupting and holding Dominie by the buttonhole. They say you torment and ill treat your daughters dreadfully. That the eldest was obliged to practice day and night. Well, you shall hear my stock play this evening, who, sometime by the grace of God, is to take the place of Thalberg in the world. Now give me your opinion freely. Of course I was only to praise. We should like very much to hear what you think about his playing, though perhaps Mr. Buffalo may not agree with you. Mr. Buffalo is looking through the music case and picking out all the attitudes by listening to which Dominie is to earn his supper. Resigned and foreseen that he shall be bored. I've heard a great deal of the industry of your son, Stok. What are you studying now, Mr. Stok? In proud self-consciousness, rather soft-mark.

37:59I play six hours a day, two hours scales with both hands together and four hours atoods. I have already gone through the first book of Clemente and four books of Kramer. Now I am in the Gradu's Ipanasum. I have already studied the right fingering for it. This is Matt Rodgers from Los Cultures. He's with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Cultures. He's with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere.

39:00Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Batch, that's my cue. Terms apply, seeoptimum.com for details. This episode is brought to you by Springer. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster.

40:03The good news is, Springer makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Springer distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about a dozen apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Springer helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreeker.com. Springer, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. Indeed, you're very much to the earnest. That speaks well for you. Unfamished a buffalo. But what pieces are you studying with the acudes? Hummel, Mendelssohn, Chopin, or Schumann? Contemptuously. Mr. Buffalo can't bear Chopin and Schumann. Mr. Buffalo lately played through Schumann's kinders' ainin that people are making such a talk about. My mama, who is also musical and used to sing when Papa played the flute, said, what ridiculous little things are those? Are they waltzes for children?

41:04And then the babyish names for them. He may play such stuff to his wife, but not to us. Well, these kindershain and ah, curious little bits for grown-up men's hands. Your mother is right. They're too short. They're certainly ought to be more of them. But they are not waltzes. Indeed, I am not allowed to play waltzes at all. My teacher is very thorough. First, I have to dig through all the gratus ad per nasum. And then he is going to undertake a concerto of Beethoven's with me, and we'll write the proper fingering over it. I shall play that in public, and then, as he and my aunt say, I shall be the death of you all. Who has overheard him steps up. Now, Herr Dominic, how do you like my method? Perhaps you have a different one? Nevertheless, that shan prevent our being good friends. Certainly, if anything is to be accomplished in these times, it is necessary to keep a work, that is my doctrine. But stock here has unusual patience and perseverance.

42:06He has worked through all cramers 96th-geasts' accession without grumbling. He was rich enough over them. But his papa bought him a saddle-horse to ride round on every day, and he revived in the fresh air. Herr Zach, with his wife and an old aunt, are playing cards in the further room. Herr Zach, with his wife and an old aunt, are playing cards in the further room. But do you not combine the study of musical pieces with the study of exercises in order that the cultivation of the taste may go hand in hand with mechanical improvement? My dear friend, you are too, now reminded there. You make a mistake. Taste must come of itself from much playing and with years. Your Cecilia played the two new waltzes, and the nocturnal Chopin and Beethoven's tro very nicely. But then that was all drilled into her, we could tell that well enough by hearing it, Stockenheim. Did it sound unnatural to you, manate?

43:06And did you think it wouldn't dry? Dull? Not exactly that. But the trouble was it sounded, studied. The public applauded, it is true, but they don't know anything. Stockenheim thought, Do you not think that the taste for a beautiful interpretation may be early awakened without using severity with the pupil? And that to excite the feeling for music to a certain degree, even in early years, is in fact essential. The neglect of this very thing is a reason that we are obliged to listen to so many players who really have mechanically practiced themselves to death and have reduced musical art to mere machinery to an idle trick of the fingers. That's all nonsense. I say teach them the scales, to run up and down the gamut, greatest at panassums the thing, classical, classical. Yes, say you made your daughter play that trillitude by Karl Meier, all together to find sounding, it tickles the ear to be sure, especially when it is played in such a studied manner.

44:09We stick to Clementine Kramer and to Hummels Piano School, the good old school. You have made a great mistake with your eldest daughter. The world does not seem to agree with you. Has listened and lost a trick by it, steps up quickly and says maliciously, You must agree that she would have played better, if you had left her for 10 years with Kramer and Clementine, but don't like this tendency to shoo man and show pan. But what folly to talk, but must be careful what one says to the father of such a child, it is quite a different thing with us. Mr. Buffalo was bound to our stock by no bond of affection, he follows out his aim without any hesitation or vanity, and looks neither to the right nor to the left, but straight forward. I beg your pardon madam, you may be right from your point of view. We must be a little indulgent with sensitive people, but will not your son play to us? Stock plays two attudes of Clementine, three of Kramer, and four from the Gratis, but did not even grow warm over them. The horse's father gave him has made him quite strong.

45:15I may be asked, but how did stock play? How? I do not wish to write a treatise. My plan is only to give hints and suggestions. I am not writing in the interest of stock Buffalo and company. After the plane we went to supper. The oysters were good, but the wine left a little sharp taste. My timid daughter did not like oysters, but she ate a little salad, and at table listened instead of talking. A few innocent anecdotes were related at table about horses and balls and dogs and stocks future. On taking leave, madam said condescendingly to Cecilia. If you keep on my dear, one of these days you will play very nicely. End of chapter 2 Chapter 3 of piano and song by Friedrich Vick This is a Libravox recording. All Libravox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Libravox.org.

46:19Chapter 3 Many students of a piano and few players A letter addressed to the father of a piano pupil. It is a pity that you have no sons for a father takes great delight in his sons, but I agree with you when you say that if you had one, you would rather he should break stones than pound the piano. You say you have many friends who rejoice in that paternal felicity, and whose sons, great and small, bright and dull, have been learning the piano for three years or more and still can do nothing. You are Dallas right, and further they never will learn anything. You ask of what uses it to man or boy to be able to stammer through this or that waltz or poignets in Berserca with stiff arms, weak fingers, a stupid face, and lounging figure. What gain is it art? You say it is not time worth gold and yet we are offered lead, and the poor teachers torment themselves and the boys abuse art in the piano, and at the end of the evening, in despair, torment their own wise after they have all day long

47:24been scolding, coughing, and lamenting without success or consolation. You speak the truth. I have had the same experience myself, though not to the same degree, and though I did not bring home to my wife a dreary face, but only a good appetite. But I did not give myself up to lamentation over piano teaching. I gathered up courage and rose above mere dreary. I reflected and considered and studied and tried whether I could not manage better as I found I could not succeed with the boys. And I have managed better and succeeded better because I have hit upon a different way and won more in accordance with nature than that used in the piano schools. I lay down as the first and most important principle, the necessity for the formation of a fine touch, just as singing teachers rely upon the culture of a fine tone in order to teach singing well. I endeavored, without notes, to make the necessary exercises so interesting that the attention of the pupils always increased, and that they even, after a short time, to great pleasure in a

48:28sound tender full singing tone, and a climate which, unfortunately, even many virtuoso's do not possess. In this way, we made an opening at the beginning, not in the middle, we harshed the horse before the wagon. The people now obtained a firm footing and had something to enjoy without being tormented at every lesson with dry matters to be learned, the advantage of which was not obvious to him and the final aim of which he did not perceive. Until a correct touch has been acquired, it is of no use to talk about a fine singing tone. How can we expect to arouse an interest by mere toneless tinkling, while stiff and flexible fingers are struggling with the notes, while the pupil sees only his inability to do anything right, and receives nothing but blame from the teacher. While at the same time, so much is to be kept in mind, and has to be required to observe the time and to use the right fingers? Poor stupid children. Later, after teaching the notes, I did not fall into the universal error of selecting pieces which are either too difficult, or, such as the purely musical,

49:34were not well adapted to the piano. But I chose short, easy pieces without prominent difficulties, and the correct and skillful performance of which the pupil might take pleasure. Consequently, they were studied carefully, slowly, willingly, and with interest, which last is a great thing gained, for the pupil rejoiced in the anticipation and success. The struggle over single difficult places destroys all pleasure, Paul's talent, creates disgust, and what is worse. It tends to render uncertain the confirmation of a faculty already partially acquired, of bringing out a fine legato tone, with loose and quiet fingers and a yielding movable wrist, without the assistance of the arm. You suppose the talent is especially wanting, and not merely good teachers. For otherwise, with a Zal's pursuit of piano playing and saxony, we should produce hundreds who could at least, play correctly and with a facility, if not finely. Here you are mistaken. We have, on the contrary,

50:35a great deal of musical talent. There are, also, even in the provincial cities, teachers who are not only musical, but who also possess so much zeal and talent for teaching that many other peoples are able to play terribly well. I will add further, that the taste for music is much more cultivated and improved, even in small places, by seeing societies and by public and private concerts, than most formally the case. We also have much better aids in instruction books, aitudes, and suitable piano pieces. But still we find everywhere jingling and piano banging, as you express it, and yet no piano playing. Let us consider this aspect of the subject a little more closely, in the first place the proper basis for a firm structure is wanting. The knowledge of the notes cannot afford a proper basis, except insofar as it is of service and execution of a piece. Of what use are the notes to a singer if he has no attack and does not understand the management of a voice. Of what use to the piano learner if he has no touch, no tone on the piano for a day?

51:41Is this to be acquired by playing the notes? But how then is it to be learned? One thing more, owing to an over zeal for education, children are kept in school from seven to ten hours in a day, and then they are required to work and commit to memory in their free hours when they ought to be enjoying the fresh air. But when are they then to have their piano lessons? After they have escaped from the school room and consequently when the children are exhausted and they are nervous and strong. What cruelty instead of bread and butter and fresh air piano lessons? The piano ought to be studied with unimpaired vigor and with great attention and interest, otherwise no success is to be expected. Besides this, much writing in itself makes stiff and flexible fingers. But when is the child a fine time for the necessary practice of a piano lessons? Well, in the evening, after ten o'clock for refreshment, while Papa and Mama are in bed. And now, after the school days are happily over, and the children have possibly retained their

52:44red cheeks, then their occupations in life lay claim to their time. Or, if they are girls, they are expected to busy themselves with embroidery, knitting, sewing, crochet, making clothes, housework, tea parties, and a last with balls. And now, too, comes the time for lovers. Do you imagine that the fingers of pupils 16 years old can learn mechanical movements as easily as those of children 9 years old? And, in order to satisfy the present demands in any degree, the technique should be settled at 16. Under all these circumstances, we find the best teachers become discouraged and fall into a dull routine which truly can lead to no success. In conclusion, I beg you to invite the piano teacher, Mr. Strict, to whom you have been invited to the instruction of your only daughter Rosalie, to pay me a visit. And I will give in particular directions for a gradual development in piano playing, up to Beethoven's Opus 109 or Schroping's Ephmano Concerto. But I shall find him too fixed in his own theories, too much of a composer,

53:46too conceited and dogmatic, and not sufficiently practical, to be a good teacher, or to exert much influence. And, indeed, he has himself a stiff, restless, clumsy touch that expends half its efforts in the air. He talks bravely of A2's scales, etc. But the question with regard to these is how they are taught. The so-called practicing of exercises without having previously formed a sure touch, and carefully and skillfully fostering it is not much more useful than playing pieces. But I hear him reply with proud and learned self-consciousness, music, music, classical classical spirit, expression, Bach, Beethoven Mendelssohn. That is just the difficulty. Look at his pupils at his pianists, see how his children are musically stifled, and hear his daughter sing the classical Aryas composed by himself. However, it is all musical, farewell. And a chapter 3.

55:11Dominie Piano teacher, read by Algie Pagge. The role of Emily read by Sandra G. I should be glad to understand how it is that your daughters are able to play the numerous pieces, which I have heard from them, so correctly and intelligently, without bungling her hesitation, and with so much expression and the most delicate shading, in fact, in such a masterly manner. From my youth upwards, I have had tolerable instruction. I have played scale and a-tudes for a long time. This is Matt Rogers from Lost Culture East, with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Lost Culture East, with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try new food, and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake, because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses

56:12whole eggs. QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Eggs sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it. Restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi, I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet, I know what I'm talking about. That's why I recommend optimum, fiber-powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds, starting at only $30 a month with a five-year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal by calling 8669 optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch? That's 8669 optimum. Speaking of fetch, that's my cue. Terms apply. See optimum.com for details.

57:13This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need. Explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. And have taken great pleasure in studying an industriously practicing numerous compositions of Cork, Brenner, and Hummel under their own direction. I have even been celebrated for my talent, but nevertheless, I never have had the pleasure of

58:17being able to execute any considerable piece of music to my own satisfaction or that of others. And I fear it will be the same with my daughter, Emily. In order to give a satisfactory answer to your question, I will lay before you a few of my principles and opinions in respect to musical culture, with special reference to piano playing. Educated ladies in the present time make greater pretensions and greater demands and formally in regard to music and musical execution. And consequently, their earned performances do not usually correspond with their more or less cultivated taste for the beautiful, which has been awakened by their careful, general education. Thus, they are aware that they are not able to give satisfaction either to themselves or to others. And from this arises a want of that confidence in their earned powers, we should amount almost to a consciousness of infallibility in order to produce a satisfactory musical performance. This confidence has its foundation in a

59:23full, firm, clear, and musical touch, the acquisition of which has been, and is still too much neglected by masters and teachers. A correct mechanical facility, and its advanced cultivation rest upon this basis alone, which, moreover, requires special attention upon our softly leathered pianos, which are much more difficult to play upon than the old-fashioned instruments. It is a mistake to suppose that a correct touch, which alone can produce a good execution, will come of itself through the practice of adudes and scales. Even with masters, it is unusual to meet with the sound, find unexceptional touch, like that of field and mosqueles, and among the more recent that of Talberg, Chopper, Mendelssohn, and Henselt. I will speak now of the selection of pieces. Our ladies are not contented to play simple music,

1:00:23which presents few difficulties and requires no involved fingering, and from which they might gradually advance by correct and persevering study to more difficult pieces. They at once seize upon grand compositions by Beethoven, C. M. von Weber, Mendelssohn, Chopper, and others, and select also, for the sake of variety, the bravura pieces of list, Talberg, Henselt, etc. How can they expect to obtain a command of such pieces when their early education was insufficient for our exalted demands in mechanical skill, and their subsequent instruction has also been faulty and without method? If you were to request me to supply in some degree your own deficiencies before I proceed to the further education of your daughter, I should not begin with the wisdom of our friend Mr. Baffelow. Madam, you must every day practice the major and minor skills in all the keys with both hands at once, and also in thirds and in

1:01:28sixths, and you must work three or four hours a daily at eightudes of Clementi, Krammer, and Boscaleys, otherwise your playing will never amount to anything. Such advice has frequently been given by teachers like Mr. Baffelow, and is still daily insisted upon, but we will, for the present, said such nonsense aside, I shall, in the first place, endeavour to improve your touch, which is too thin, feeble, and incorrect, which makes too much unnecessary movement, and tries to produce the turn in the air instead of drawing it out with the keys. This will not require a long time, for I have well-formed young hands to work upon, with skillful fingers in good condition. I will employ, for this purpose, several of the short exercises mentioned in my first chapter, and shall require them to be transposed into various keys, and played without notes,

1:02:28in order that you may give your whole attention to your hands and fingers. Above all things, I wish you to observe how I try to bring out from the piano the most beautiful possible turn, with a quiet movement of the fingers, and a correct position of the hand, without an uneasy jerky of the arm, and with ease, lightness, and sureness. I shall certainly insist upon scales also, for it is necessary to pay great care and attention to passing the thumb under promptly and quietly, and to the correct, easy position of the arm. But I shall be content with the practice of scales for a quarter of an hour each day, which I require to replay, according to my discretion, staccato, legato, fast, slow, forte, piano, with one hand, or with both hands, according to circumstances. This short time daily for scale practice is sufficient, provided always that I have no stiff fingers, or unpracticed or ruined structure of the hand to

1:03:33educate. For very young beginners with weak fingers, the scales should be practiced only piano, until the fingers acquire strength. I should continue in this way with you for two weeks, but every day with some slight change. After a short time, I would combine with this practice the study of two or three pieces, suitably arranged for the piano. For example, Mozart's minuet in E flat, arranged by Schulhoff, and his drinking song, or similar pieces. We will, at present, have nothing to do with Beethoven. You are perhaps afraid that all this might be tedious, but I have never been considered tedious in my lessons. I wish you, for the present, not to practice any pieces or exercises, except in my presence, until a better touch has been thoroughly established. You must also give up entirely for a time playing your previous pieces, for they would give you opportunity to fall again into your faulty mood of playing. I shall also

1:04:37soon put into practice one of my maxims in teaching, that is, that merely for the acquisition of mechanical facility, all thy pupils shall be in the habit of playing daily some appropriate piece, that by its perfect mastery, they may gain a fearless confidence. They must regard this piece as a companion, friend and support. I wish you to learn to consider it a necessity every day, before practicing or studying your new piece of music, to play this piece, even if it is done quite mechanically. Two or three times, first, slowly, then faster, for without ready, flexible fingers, my teaching and preaching will be valueless. But what pieces, for instance? For beginners, perhaps, one or two of Hunten's A-tudes melody. A little later, one of Cherney's very judicious A-tudes from his Opus 740, and for more advanced pupils, after they are able to stretch easily and correctly, his Tokata Opus 92, a piece which my three daughters never give up playing,

1:05:45even if they do not play it every day. They practice pieces of this description as a remedy for mechanical deficiencies, changing them every three or four months. In the selection of these, I aim especially at the practice of thirds, trills, stretches, scales and passages for strengthening the fourth finger, and I choose them as reference to the particular pieces, sonatas, variations, concertos, etc., which they are at the time studying. Likewise, in the choice of the latter, I pursue a different course from that which the teachers alluded to above and others are accustomed to follow. Though I hope my management is never pedantic, but cautious, artistic and psychological. It is easy to see that many teachers, by giving lessons continually, particularly to pupils without talent, are led, even with the best intentions, to fall into a mere routine. We find them often impatient and unsympathetic, especially in the teaching of their own compositions, and again,

1:06:49by their one-sided opinions and capricious requirements, by the voting attention to matters of small importance, and by all sorts of whims or callities, they contract the intellectual horizon of their pupils and destroy their interest in the lessons. Your careful mode of proceeding is certainly extremely interesting and convincing, but allow me to request an answer to various objections and considerations which are now and then brought forward, particularly by teachers. To that, I am quite accustomed. The good and the beautiful never obtain uncontested recognition. No one has ever offered any new improvement and furiously spoken the truth without being attacked, defamed and despised or entirely misunderstood. How age can show many proofs of this. For example, let us remember hermioopathy and magnetism. Clara Vec was not appreciated in life-seek until she had been admired in Paris. Normare Vic, because she does not play exactly as

1:07:53a sister-clarar does. The same is the case with my present book, which relentlessly treads upon the incredible follies and lamentable errors of the times. I am quite prepared for opposition of any kind. I should like to suggest to you that there are other teachers who have given themselves a great deal of trouble and who are very particular, but it is not their good fortune to have daughters like yours to educate. Have given themselves a great deal of trouble? What do you mean by that? If they do not take pains in the right way or at the right time and place, it is all labour in vain. Of what uses mere unskilled, stupid industry. For instance, when a teacher, in order to correct the stiff use of the fingers and wrist, and the general thought he touched of his pupil, he gives some wonderful attitude or a peace with great stretches and arpeggios for the left hand, and gives himself unwirly trouble over it. It is a proof of abundant painstaking, but it is labour thrown away,

1:08:56and only makes the imperfect, murdered performance the worse. And now, with regard to my daughters, it has been their fortune to have had me for a father and teacher. They certainly had talent, and I have been successful in rousing and guiding it. Envy, jealousy, pride, and offended egotism have tried as long as possible to dispute this, but at last the effort is abandoned. They say that it requires no art to educate such talent as theirs, that it almost comes of itself. This assertion is just as false and contrary to experience as it is common, even with educated and thoughtful people who belong to Nürklik. Liechtenberg says, is just those things upon which everyone has agreed that should be subjected to investigation. Well, I have made a thorough investigation of these accusations with regard to my three daughters and all the talented pupils,

1:09:56whom I have been able to educate for good amateurs, and according to circumstances for good public performers. The great number of these suffices for my justification, I must add still further that it is exactly the great talents for singing, or for the piano, who require the most careful, thoughtful, and prudent guidance. Look around at the multitude of abortive talents and geniuses. Talented pupils are just the ones who have an irresistible desire to be left to their own discretion. They esteem destruction by themselves more highly than salvation by others. But it is said that you have been able to educate only your three daughters and none others for public performers. Madam, you cannot be serious. If I were to declaim Le Porello's list, you might just be considered an exaggeration. But if instead of replying to you, I should urge you to read what I have written on the subject, or I should present your daughter

1:10:57Emily to you after three or four years as a superior performer, you might pardon my vanity and my ability. I do not possess any magic wand which envy and folly could not impute to me as an offence. Nevertheless, unless circumstances were very adverse, I have, at all events, been able in a short time to accomplish for my pupils the acquisition of a good or at least an improved musical touch and a thus-ladest foundation which other teachers have failed to do by their method or rather want of method. But you have something else on your mind? You anticipate me. I was educated in Berlin and in that capital of intelligence, a taste prevails for opposition, negation, and thorough criticism. How can you educate artists and virtuosos when you yourself are so little of virtuoso? You are not even a composer or learned contrapuntist. A teacher of music wins much greater

1:11:59consideration if he himself plays concertos and composes pretty things. And if he can calculate and give vent to his genius in double and triple fuchs and in inverse and retrograde canons, you cannot even accompany your pupils with the violin or flute which is certainly very useful and improving. The egotist is seldom capable of giving efficient instruction that lies in the nature of the case. Even a child will soon perceive whether the teacher has a sole eye to its interest or has other and personal aims in view. The former bares good fruits, the latter, very doubtful ones. I will say nothing about the standpoint of those egotistical teachers whose first aim is to bring themselves into prominence and who at the same time are perhaps traveling public performers and composers. They are, it may be, chiefly occupied with double and triple fuchs,

1:12:59the more inverted, the more learned, and they consider this knowledge the only correct musical foundation. At the same time, they often possess a touch like that of your brother and Mr. Strict, mentioned in my third chapter and are utterly devoid of true taste and feeling. While pursuing their fruitless piano lessons which are quite foreign to their customary train of thought, they regather occupation only as a mulch cow and they obtain the money of sanguine parents and sacrifice the time of their pupils. He may try such agreeable personages for yourself. I wish you no greater punishment. This is Matt Rodgers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would

1:14:02say that's a huge mistake because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. QB only uses egg yolks which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi, I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet, I know what I'm talking about. That's why I recommend optimum, fiber-powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds, starting at only $30 a month with a five-year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal by calling 8669 optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch? That's 8669 optimum. Speaking of fetch, that's my cue.

1:15:04Terms apply, see optimum.com for details. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about a dozen apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. And now I will speak of the violin and the flute. I've never availed myself of those experience. It is a method which I have never learned.

1:16:06I will describe your amusement a few interesting incidents which I had the opportunity to witness in a not inconsiderable city while on the journey with my daughters. The teacher with the flute was a gentle, quiet, mild musician. He was on very good terms with these people and indulged in no disputes. Everything went on peaceably without passion and in time. They both tweeted tenderly and amicably and were playing in celebration of the birthday of an old aunt who was rather hard of hearing a sonata by Koolau which was quiet within the power of both. The old aunt who of course could hear but little of the soft flute turns and the light thin modest square piano kept asking me, is that not explicit? What do you think of it? I nodded my head and praised it for the music was modest and made no pretension. I will pass next to the violin. The possessor of

1:17:06this was a type of presumption, vulgarity and coarseness and understood how to make an impression on his pupils and their parents by the assumption of extraordinary ability. He consequently enjoyed a certain consideration. He was more over a good musician and played the violin tolerably in accompanying the piano in Beethoven's Opus 17 and 24. In this portrait you have a specimen of the violinist as a piano teacher. Of course he understood nothing of piano playing and took no interest in Vieg's rubbish about beauty of turn. He cared only for Beethoven. He now and then tried to sprawl out a few examples of fingering in a spider-like fashion but they were seldom successful. His pupils also possessed the peculiar advantage of playing in time when they did not stick fast in the difficult places. At such times he always became very cross and severe and talked about precision in that way in stilling respect. His pupils did not jingle but they had a peculiarly

1:18:11short pounding touch and flounded about among the keys with a sort of boldness and with resolute jerking elbows. They certainly had no turn but the violin was therefore heard the better and after each performance we might have heard. Am I not the first teacher in Europe? You certainly have shown up two ridiculous figures. True, but I leave it to everyone to make themselves ridiculous. I am very glad that you have furnished me here with the criticisms of which I stand in need. For I might otherwise have been in danger of supplying you with an example at the next swaray, perhaps at the bankers Mr. Golds. But as I should like to hear your answer, I will listen to and report to you what is said in a certain, though not very numerous, clique who are opposed to you and your labors. Those people would act more wisely if they were to study my writings in which I will make any corrections if there is anything I could add to them for the advantage of truth,

1:19:12right and beauty. And now allow me, Mrs. Emily, since you are pretty well advanced and are not quite spoiled, to show you in a few lessons how to study these variations by herds, Latua Gras number one. On a theme from the pirates, they are not easy, but I will teach them in a way that will show not weary you or give you a distaste for them. I have intentionally chosen these variations because they do not lay claim to great musical interest and consequently their murder performance, their execution gives them their chief value. Moreover, they possess the disadvantage for teaching that they are of unequal difficulty and require therefore the more skill on the part of the teacher to compensate for this. First lesson. Mrs. Emily, these are very clear graceful variations which require an extremely nice delicate execution and especially a complete mechanical mastery of their various difficulties. Although these variations may seem to you too easy, I am governed in

1:20:17the selection of them by the maxim that what one would learn to play finally must be below the mechanical powers of the pupil. The theme of the Italian song which is the basis of these variations is very well chosen and you must take great pains to execute it as finally as possible and to produce a singing effect upon the piano forte. After the pieces thoroughly learned, you will be greatly aided in the production of this imitation of singing by the careful and correct use of the pedal which raises the dampers. The theme does not offer great mechanical difficulties but it requires a loose, broad, full and yet tender touch, a good portamento and a clear and delicately shaded delivery. For you must remember that in the performance of a simple theme, the well-tored people may be recognised. But you do not begin at the beginning, there's an introduction to the piece. Perhaps we shall take that at the last. I can't tell yet when.

1:21:18A great many things in my instruction will seem to you misplaced. It may be that the final result will restore to me the approval which I desire. Do you always give such a preliminary description before you begin a piece with the pupil? I like to do so. For I wish to create an interest in the piece, under state in connection my principles and views about music and piano playing. Now we will try the theme, first quite slowly and then the first easy variation, with the last bars at the end of it which introduce the theme once more and which should be played very clearly and smoothly. We will then take from the introduction only the right hand and study the most appropriate fingering for it. I never write this out fully but only intimated here and there in order not to interfere with the spontaneous activity of the learner. We will also take a few portions for the left hand from the finale. In these you must carefully observe the direction which

1:22:18are given for its performance and try to execute everything correctly and clearly. For a careless space is prejudicial to the very best playing in the treble. My lesson is now at an end, for we have taken up a good deal of time at the beginning with the scales and passing the thumb under correctly, with a different species of touch and the appropriate exercises for these. I do not wish you yet to practice the first variation with both hands together. For you do not yet strike the skipping base evenly enough and with sufficient precision and you might accustomed yourself to inaccuracies especially as your left hand has as usual been neglected and is inferior to the right in lightness and the rapidity. We shall find this a hindrance for the object is not to practice much but to practice correctly. Therefore, play these passages first slowly then quicker at last very fast then slow again, sometimes decato, sometimes legato, piano and also moderately loud but never

1:23:27when the hands and fingers are fatigued, therefore not too continuously. But many times in the course of the day and always with fresh energy, a present you need not play fortissimo or with a pedal. For a netway you might be led into a trapping style with a weak stiff touch and a habit of striking the keys with straight fingers and that I do not like. We will look for the true and the beautiful in a very different treatment of the piano and first of all in a clear unaffected healthy performance free from any forced character. Second lesson, transposition of the triads and dominant chord in their three positions and in various kinds of measure and practice of these with careful attention to a correct touch and loose wrist, cadences on the dominant and subdominant, practice of the skipping bass in the theme and in the first and third variations with practice in striking

1:24:27and leaving the chords, observing carefully the precise value of the notes. You must attend also to striking them not too forcibly or too feebly and it takes special care with regard to the fourth and fifth fingers which do not easily give the tone with so full a sound as the other three fingers. Now we will try the theme with both hands together and consider the correct expression and likewise the piano and forte as well as the nicest crescendo and diminuendo. We will then take the first easy variation of which you have already acquired a mastery. We will play it exactly at tempo and with the bass chords which should usually be given staccato and which must be played with delicacy and flexibility but it will be well for you to practice first the bass part once alone in order that you may hear whether all the tones sound evenly. Now the first variation will go pretty well with both hands together, with increasing mastery of it, the requisite shading in the

1:25:32right hand can be produced. As your right hand is not yet tired, play to me now several times, first slowly and then faster the passages which I gave you from the introduction. When the right hand becomes a little fatigued, take a portion from the finale for the left hand. You may also try over the adagio but I recommend for your special practice the part for the right hand in the third variation. You cannot make a mistake about it if you do not try to play it too fast and if you carefully observe the fingering indicated. Now I will play the theme to you as nearly as possible as I heard the famous tenor rubini sing it. You see I placed the fingers gently on the keys and avoid raising them too high in order not to injure the nice connection of the tones and to produce a singing tone as far as possible. At the end of the lesson you will play the theme to me once more. I perceive you play it with too much embarrassment and not freely enough. It will go still better

1:26:37two days hence. If you play it frequently during that time, slowly and become quite accustomed to it. In addition you will practice industriously everything which we have gone through, especially the first variation, but you must always do it with interest and never with weary days. Of course you will practice without notes or the little exercises for the touch and for the fourth and fifth fingers and the cadences. Third lesson, other little exercises. Trills scales with shading for one hand alone and for both together the skipping bases et cetera. We will begin today with the base part of the second variation. You observe that often there are even eighth notes in the treble while in the base there are even triplet eighth notes. In order to play these properly together even with only mechanical correctness it is necessary that the left hand shall

1:27:38acquire a perfectly free and independent movement and shall bring out the base with perfect ease. You must pay special attention to any weak notes and accustom yourself not to give the last triplet in each bar and the last note of this triplet to harriedly, to sharply or with two little turn. Notice how much difficulty this equal playing of the triplets occasions to the right hand which moves in even eighth notes. While you play the left hand I will play the right. You must listen as little as possible to my playing and preserve your own independence. You must learn to play this variation entirely by yourself with both hands together but you must not be in too much of a hurry about it and must give time to it. All restless urging, all hurry leads to inactrices in playing. You have learned enough for today but you may play the other variations with the whole finale straight through that you may not get into the habit of

1:28:43stopping the difficult passages which you have already learned. Fourth lesson, new exercises for striking stretches and for the extension of the hand and fingers but this must be done prudently that the sound hutch which is always of the first importance shall not be endangered. Besides this the repetition of the exercises learned in the proceeding lessons but all to be played with a certain shading and delicacy. We will today begin at the beginning with the introduction. I will now make amends from my wanted regularity and show you that I can begin at the beginning like other people but all in good time. Today in those portions of which you require a mastery we will give particular attention to the expression and to the correct use of the pedal. If what I suggest to you with regard to the shading at any place does not entirely correspond to your understanding of the piece or to your feeling you must at once express your difference

1:29:48of opinion and ask me for the reason of my view. You perhaps do not like to play this place crescendo but diminuendo. Very well only played finally in your own way it will also sound very well so. I propose that crescendo there because the feeling grows more intense. Perhaps in the next lesson you will acknowledge that I was right. This place I should play a very little slower though without a striking arutadando then a little faster here. Do you think it ought to be played crescendo or diminuendo? We must try in this variation to present nicely shaded little pictures. Here you might use more energy and decision. This place you should play merely with the correct mechanical execution but without special expression for we require shadow in order that the succeeding idea, imminently suggest over the theme, shall be brought out with more brilliancy.

1:30:52In general the whole must be made to sound natural without musical pretension and as if it were the production of the moment and should not create a distorted, overdrawn effect or exhibit modern effectation. Each piece that I undertake to teach you will give me an opportunity to talk to a great deal about the correct expression in playing and about its innumerable beauties, shades and delicacies while I shall pay constant attention to the production of a beautiful singing turn. The next piece will be Chopin's Notorno in E flat. For your touch has already gained in fullness and is now unobjectionable. This is the tyranny with regard to correct execution which stupidity and folly have touched me with having exercised towards my daughters. Expression must come of itself. How cheap is this lazy sub-diffuse of the followers of routine and of teachers wanting in talent?

1:31:53We see in here a great many virtuous old and young with and without talent renowned and obscure. They either play in an entirely mechanical manner and with faulty and miserable touch or else which is less bearable they strut with uninterrable effectation and produce musical monstrosities. In order to conceal their indistinct murdered execution they throw themselves upon the two pedals and argue to you of inconceivable perversions. This is Matt Rogers from Loss Culture East us with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Loss Culture East us with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like wait that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try cutie mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle you probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it some people would say that's a huge mistake because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs cutie only uses egg yolks which gives it this rich umami flavor.

1:32:58It's smoother, deeper and almost buttery. Once people try it they start putting it on everything. Examances, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything then you'll understand. Cute beat the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet I know what I'm talking about. That's why I recommend optimum fiber powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds starting at only $30 a month with a five year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal by calling 8669 optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch. That's 8669 optimum. Speaking of fetch that's my cue. Terms apply. See optimum.com for details. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain symptoms include buying microphones you don't need.

1:34:03Explaining our SS feeds to confused relatives and saying things like sorry I can't talk right now I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen Apple podcasts Spotify and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour you might as well publish it. But let us proceed with your instruction. You already play your piece intelligently with interest and enthusiasm and without any of the modern empty affectations. If any of the passage should occur to you at the fairer matter in the second part which shall lead appropriately to the dominant try it and combine it perhaps with that which is a reason. You may make two passing

1:35:07shakes upon the four final sixteenth notes but you must play them very distinctly and clearly and the last one weaker than the first in order to give it a delicate effect as is done by singers. With the light variations of this kind it is allowable to introduce various ornaments provided they are in good taste and nicely executed. The cases quite different in the performance of the compositions of Beethoven, Mozart, Weber and others where reverence for the composer requires a stricter interpretation although evenness is sometimes carried to a point of exaggeration and pedantry. Now try the first variation once more. That is better. You already play the skipping bass with more precision, more briskly and evenly. We begin to perceive the correct speaking turn in the bass and a certain delicacy and freedom in the treble. You need not play both hands together in the second variation which is the most difficult until the next lesson. Today you may first

1:36:11play the bass alone while I play the treble and afterwards we will change parts and you can play the treble while I play the bass but we will not go farther than this fourth variation. I have not much more to say about this piece. We will begin next a beautiful a-tued by Moscheles which I recommend highly to you in order to strengthen and give facility to the fourth and fifth fingers. This may be your companion and friend during the next two or three months. Your very careful mode of instruction assures me that Emily will acquire a mastery of these variations and will learn to perform them finally. She will be able, after a week or two, to execute this piece with understanding and confidence and to play it to her earned satisfaction and that of others while her awakened consciousness of its beauties and of her ability to interpret it will preserve her interest for it. The objection is quite untenable that children lose their interest

1:37:12in a piece if they are obliged to practice it until they know it. Do people suppose that it gives more pleasure when the teacher begins in a stupid helpless way and tries to make the people swallow several pieces at once while he continually finds fault and whities them then when the pupil is enabled to play a few short well-sounding exercises with perfect freedom and correctness and to take delight in his success or when afterwards or perhaps at the same time he is conscious that he can play one piece nicely and without bungling while it is all accomplished in a quiet manner. Do you pursue the same course with longer and more difficult pieces? Certainly on the same principle. But if you are so particular about every piece and always take so much pains to improve the touch it will be a long time before Emily will be able to execute several long pieces and can learn other new ones beside. Do you wish your daughter to learn to jingle on the piano

1:38:16in order to become musical or shall she grow more musical by learning to play finally? I am sure the latter is your wish as it is mine otherwise you would be contented with an ordinary teacher. You must consider that when she is made a beginning by learning to play one piece thoroughly and quite correctly the following pieces will be learned more and more quickly for she will have acquired a dexterity in playing as you may observe with yourself and with everyone. To be able to drum off 50 pieces in an imperfect manner does not justify the expectation that the 51st piece will be learned more easily or better but to attain a perfect mastery of 4 or 5 pieces gives a standard for the rest. In this way and by mechanical studies such as I began with Emily the greatest ease in reading at sight is gradually developed in which all my pupils excel when they have remained long enough under my instruction and in which my daughters are pre-eminent

1:39:18but for this it is necessary to continue to study single pieces industriously and artistically and with great exactness for otherwise a practice of reading at sight which often amounts to a passion leads very soon to slavinliness in piano playing and to more or less valgen machine music. I am more and more convinced that a style of instruction which is illogical, intermittent, superficial and without method can lead to no good result or at least to nothing satisfactory even with extraordinary talents and that the unsound and eccentric manifestations and caricatures of art which cause the present faults and deplorable condition of piano playing are the consequence of such a prevalent mode of instruction. Chapter 5 of piano and song by Friedwick Wike

1:40:26Read by Mark Michelson in Northern California This is a Libra Vosch recording. All Libra Vosch recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer please visit LibraVox.org. Chapter 5 on the Pettel I have just returned exhausted and annihilated from a concert where I have been hearing the piano pounded. Two Grand Bravera movements have been thundered off with the pedal continually raised and then were suddenly succeeded by a soft murmuring passage during which the 13 convulsed and quivering bass notes of the fortissimo were all the time resounding. It was only by the aid of the concert program that my tortured ears could arrive the conclusion that this confusion of tones was meant to represent two pieces by dollar and thalberg. Cruel fate that invented the pedal. I mean the pedal which raises the dampers on the

1:41:27piano. A grand acquisition indeed for modern times. Good heavens. Our piano performers must have lost their sense of hearing. What is all this growling and buzzing? Alas, it is only the groaning of the wretched piano forte upon which one of the modern virtuosos with a heavy beard and long hanging locks whose hearing has deserted him is blustering away on a bravera piece with the pedal incessantly raised with inward satisfaction and vain self assertion. Truly time brings into use a great deal that is far from beautiful. Does then this raging piano revolutionist think it beautiful to bring the pedal into use at every bar unhappy delusion? But enough of this serious jesting. Hummel never used the pedal. He was an extremist and in his graceful clear elegant need. Though not grand plain often lost fine effects

1:42:30which would have been produced by the correct and judicious use of the pedal. Particularly on the instruments of Stein, Broadman, Conrad Graff and others then in use, which were usually lightly leathered and had a thin, sharp tone. The use of the pedal, of course, always allowing it to fall frequently with precision, was especially desirable in the upper treble. In cases where the changes of harmony were not very frequent, for the tone of those instruments, all those sweet and agreeable, had not much depth and the action had but little strength and elasticity. But on our instruments, frequently too softly leathered, which have a full tone and are so strong in penetrating, especially in the bass, it is enough to endanger one sense of hearing to be subjected to such a senseless, incessant, ridiculous, deafening use of the pedal. Frequently, more ever, combined with a hard stiff touch and an unsound incorrect technique. A musical interpretation

1:43:34in any degree tolerable is out of the question. You cannot call that art. It cannot even be called manual labor. It is a freak of insanity. If you were to the better sort of players, the foot piece to the right on a piano forte raises the dampers. And in that way makes the tones resound and sing, and takes from them the dryness, shortness, and want of fullness, which is always the objection to the piano forte, especially to those of the earlier construction. This is certainly an advantage. The more the tone of the piano forte resembles singing, the more beautiful it is. But in order not to injure the distinctness and detract from the clear phrasing of the performance, a very skillful and prudent use of the pedal is necessary in rapid changes of harmony, particularly in the middle and lower portion of the instrument. You all use the pedal too much and too often, especially on large, fine concert pianos of the new

1:44:40construction, which, with their heavy stringing, have in themselves a fuller, more vibrating tone. At least, you do not let it fall frequently enough, and with precision. You must listen to what you are playing. You do not play for yourselves alone. Frequently, you play to hearers, who are listening for the first time to the pieces you are performing. Try a few passages without pedal. For instance, those in which the changes the harmony succeed each other rapidly. This is Matt Rogers from Lost Culture East. That's with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Lost Culture East. That's Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try new food and suddenly it's like, wait. That's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother,

1:45:45deeper and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Examages, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything. Then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. Hi, I'm Gus. I'm a dog in an expert in speed. So when it comes to fast internet, I know what I'm talking about. That's why I recommend optimum, fiber-powered internet. It has fast and reliable internet speeds, starting at only $30 a month with a five-year price lock. So how can you fetch such an amazing deal by calling 8669 Optimum or visiting optimum.com to switch? That's 8669 Optimum. Speaking of fetch, that's my cue. Terms apply, seeoptimum.com for details. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying

1:46:48microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about a dozen apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. Even in the highest trouble, and see what repose, what serene enjoyment, what refreshment is afforded, what delicate shading is brought out, or at first listen and try to feel it in the plain of others. For your habit is so deeply rooted that you no longer know when and how often you use the pedal. Chopin, that highly gifted,

1:47:52elegant, sensitive composer and performer may serve as a model for you here. His widely dispersed artistic harmonies with the boldest and most striking suspensions, for which the fundamental base is essential, certainly requires the frequent use of the pedal for fine harmonic effect. But if you examine and observe the minute critical directions in his compositions, you can obtain from him complete instruction for the nice and correct use of the pedal. By way of episode to my sorrowful lecture on the pedal, we will take a walk through the street some beautifully. What is it that we hear in almost every house? Unquestionably it is piano plain. But what plain? It is generally nothing but a continual confusion of different chords, without clothes, without paws, slothingly passages, screened by the raised pedal, varied by an empty stiff weak touch, relying upon the pedal for weight. We will escape into the next street. Oh horrors,

1:48:57what a thundering on this piano, which, by the way, is sadly out of tune. It is a grand that is a long heavy atude with the most involved passages and a peculiar style of composition, probably with the title on the ocean, or in Hades or fancies of the insane, pounded off with the pedal raised through the most marvelous changes of harmonies. Finally the strings snap, the pedal creaks and mones, conclusion, C, C sharp, D, D sharp, resound together through a few exhausted bars and at last die away in the warm, soft, delicious air. Universal applause from the open windows, but who is the frantic musician who is venting his rage or this piano? It is a Parisian or other traveling composer, lately arrived with letters of recommendation, who has just been giving a little rehearsal of what we may expect to hear shortly

1:50:00in a concert at the hotel de Schmerz. End of chapter 5 Chapter 6 of Piano and Song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Liebervoch's recording. All Liebervoch's recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Liebervoch's.org. Recording by Marty Chris Chapter 6 The Soft Pedal Sentiment You exclaim, what is that? A sentiment for the soft pedal? A sentiment of any kind in our times. Most of all a musical sentiment, I have not heard of such a thing in a concert room for a long time. When the foot piece to the left on the pedal is pressed down, the keyboard is thereby moved to so that in playing the hammer strike only two of the three strings in some pianos only one.

1:51:00In that way the tone is made weaker, thinner, but more singing and more tender. What follows from this? Many performers seized with a piano madness, play a grand bravura piece, excite themselves fearfully, clatter up and down through the seven octaves of runs with a pedal constantly raised, bang away, put the best piano out of tune in the first twenty bars, snap the strings, knock the hammers off their bearings, perspire, stroke the hair out of their eyes, ogle the audience and make love to themselves. Suddenly they are seized with a sentiment. They come to a piano or a pianissimo and no longer content with only one pedal, they take the soft pedal while the loud pedal is still resounding. Oh, what languishing, what soft murmuring, and what a sweet tinkling of bells, what tenderness of feeling, what a soft pedal sentiment. The ladies fall into tears,

1:52:06enraptured by the pale, long haired young artist. I describe here the period of piano mania, which has just passed its crisis. A period which it is necessary to have lived through in order to believe in the possibility of such follies. When in the beginning of this century, the piano attain such conspicuous excellence and increased power, greater technical skill could not fail to be called out. But after a few years, this degenerated into a heartless and worthless dexterity of the fingers, which was carried to the point of absurdity and resulted in intellectual death. Instead of aiming to acquire before all things a beautiful full tone on these rich sounding instruments, which admit of so much and such delicate shading, essential to true excellence of performance, the object was only to increase mechanical facility and to cultivate almost exclusively

1:53:09and a moderately powerful and unnatural touch, and to improve the fingering in order to make possible the execution of passages, roleades, finger gymnastics, and stretches, which no one before had imagined or considered necessary. From this period dates the introduction of virtuoso performances with their glittering talljueness, without substance and without music, and of the frightful eccentricities in art accompanied by immeasurable vanity and self-conceit, the age of finger heroes. This is Matt Rodgers from Lost Culture East, thus with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Lost Culture East, thus Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try on new food and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge

1:54:10mistake, because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really care about flavor use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify,

1:55:13and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. When you shop online with Ralph's, you'll find more than just real savings and real quality. You'll also find the dependability you expect from browsing to checkout. At Ralph's, that means your groceries can be waiting to go at the store, with careful handling from the shop to the handoff. With the same quality you'd want if you were choosing them yourself. Save now. Download the app to get $20 off your first order of $75 or more. New customers only terms and conditions apply see online for details. It is indeed a melancholy reflection for all who retain their senses that this charlatanry is made the solitary aim of numberless ignoble performers, sustain by the applause

1:56:15of teachers and composers equally base. It is sad to see how engaged in artificial formalisms and in erroneous mechanical studies. Players have forgotten the study of tone and of correct delivery, and that few teachers seek to improve either themselves or their pupils therein. Otherwise, they would see and understand that on a good piano, such as are now to be found almost everywhere, it is possible with correct playing founded on a right method to play without external aids, forte, fortissimo, piano, pianissimo, in a word with every degree of shading and with at least formal expression, and that this style of playing with the requisite mechanical skill sounds far more pure and is more satisfactory than when a feeling is affected through the crude, unskillful and absurd use of the pedal, especially of the soft pedal of which we are now speaking.

1:57:19This effectation only gives one more proof of our unhealthy, stupid and unmusical infancy in piano performances. A good-natured public, drummed up and brought together by patient persuasion, and by urgent recommendations of which virtuosos can obtain an abundance for the tormented cities which they have visited cannot otherwise get rid of them. Attend these concerts and listen to dozens of such inexperienced piano players. One plays exactly like another with more or less faulty mechanical execution, and none of them are able with all their thumping and caressing of the keys to bring out from the instrument a broad, healthy, full and beautiful tone, delicately shaded and distinct even to the softest pianissimo. But instead of this, they fall into a pedal sentiment, i.e., they play with outside pretension and with intrinsic emptiness. You unworthy performers who have

1:58:24so disgusted the artistic public with piano playing that they will no longer listen to fine intelligent sensible artists whose dignity does not permit them to force themselves into the concert hall or to drag people into it from the streets. You base mortals who have exposed this beautiful art to shame. I implore you to abandon the concert platform, your battlefield, heck at the piano no longer. Find positions on a railroad or in a factory. There you may perhaps make yourselves useful while by the lessons you give, for it usually comes to that after you have traveled all over the world. You will only ruin our young people, now growing up with promising talent for piano playing. And will produce successors like yourselves, but not artists. I must whisper one thing more in your ear. I will say nothing about simple truthfulness, about tenderness and sincerity of feeling,

1:59:27or wholesome refinement about poetry, inspiration, or truly impassioned playing. But if your ears are not already too much blunted, you should be able to discover at least in a very few minutes. On any instrument, unless it is of the worst sort, or has already been battered to pieces by you, how far you can carry the pianissimo and fortissimo and still preserve the tone within the limits of beauty and simplicity. You will thus be able to interpret a piece with at least superficial correctness, without mortally wounding a cultivated ear by exaggerations and by maltreatment of the instrument and its two petals. This style of playing has nevertheless found its numerous defenders and admirers in our century, which has made everything possible. This senseless enslavement and abuse of the piano has been said to be all the rage, a fine expression of our piano critics to

2:00:32justify insane stamping and soft pedal sentimentality. How far what I have here said relates to our modern errors in singing and how far it may be applied to them, I leave to the intelligence of my readers and to my explanations in subsequent chapters. To return to my theme, I still have one word on this subject for rational players. Even they use the soft pedal too much and too often, and at unsuitable places, for instance, in the midst of a piece without any preparatory pause in melodies which require to be lightly executed or in rapid passages which are to be played piano. This is especially to be noticed with players who are obliged to use instruments of a powerful tone and stiff, heavy action on which it is difficult to ensure a delicate shading in piano and forte. For this reason, a sensible and experienced teacher whose soul aim is the true and the beautiful

2:01:38should make the attainment of an elastic touch and well-grounded style of playing and indispensable requirement. I prefer that the soft pedal should be used but seldom, and if the pedal which raises the dampers is used at the same time, it must be only with the greatest nicety. The soft pedal may be used in an echo, but should be preceded by a slight pause and then should be employed throughout the period because the ear must accustom itself gradually to this tender, maidenly sentimental tone. There must again be a slight pause before the transition to the usual more masculine tone with the three strings. The soft pedal is more over most effective in slow movements with four chords, which allow time to bring out the singing tone in which consists the advantage of the stroke of the hammers on two strings alone. End of Chapter 6 of Piano and Song, reading by Marty Chris.

2:02:52Chapter 7 of Piano and Song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Libravox recording. All Libravox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Libravox.org. Chapter 7. A Musical Tea Party at the House of John Spriggins I once more introduce my readers to the scenes of my active musical life with an invitation to accompany me to a musical tea party. My object is, in a short and entertaining manner, to remove the very common prejudices, to correct mistaken ideas, to approve the followers of mere routine, to oppose to malicious cavilion the sound opinions of an experienced teacher, to scourge dogmatic narrow-mindedness, and in this way to advance my method of instruction. Dramatist Persona John Spriggins Jovial and narrow-minded, a member of an ancient musical family.

2:03:56Read by Peter Bishop Mrs. Spriggins, irritable, envious, and malicious. Read by Sally McCogill Lizzie, their daughter, 13 years old, lively and pert. Read by Sandra G. Shepard, her piano teacher, very laborious, Redpile in 1405 Dominie, a piano master, very stern Read by Algie Pag Emma, his daughter, a pianist, silent and musical Read by Sarah Holtz Chapter 7. A Musical Tea Party at the House of John Spriggins Mrs. Spriggins, to Dominie So, this is your daughter who is to give a concert tomorrow? She is said to have less talent than your eldest daughter. With her, they say nothing requires any labour. You must ask my eldest daughter herself about that. I have hitherto held the opinion that both of them played correctly, musically,

2:04:59and perhaps finally, it both differently. That is the triumph of a musical education. But this cheap comparative criticism is already too thoroughly worn out. Pray, what else have you on your mind? Have you not yet sent your younger daughter to school? They say your eldest could neither read nor write at 14 years of age. My daughters always have a private teacher in the house. In connection with whom I instruct them in music, in order that their literary education shall occupy fewer hours, and that they shall have time left for exercise in the open air to invigorate the body. While other children are exhausted with nine hours a day at schools and institutes, and are obliged to pay for this with the loss of their health and the joyousness of youth. It is very well known that your daughters are obliged to play the whole day long. But not all night, too? You probably might explain their skill in that way.

2:06:00I am astonished that you have not heard that, too, since you have picked up so many shocking stories about me and my daughters. Dismitted the subject and asks suddenly, No, just how old is your daughter, Emma? She is just sixty years and seven weeks old. Does she speak French? Oh, Elepalet Fonsey, an musical turns to, a language which is understood all over the world. But she is so silent, does she like to play? You have given her no opportunity to speak. She is certainly not forthputting. For the last two years, she has taken great pleasure in playing. You acknowledge them that formerly you had to force her to it. In the earlier years of her natural development, as she was a stranger to vanity and other unworthy motives, she certainly played or rather pursued her serious studies chiefly from obedience and habit. Does your daughter of thirteen years old always practice her exercises without being required to do so?

2:07:07Does she like to go to school every day? Does she always so and knit without being reminded of it? Oh, I see you are quite in love with your daughters. But they say you are terribly strict and cruel in the musical education of your children, and in fact always. Do you suppose I do this from affection? Or do you infer it? Because they have proved artists, or because they look so blooming and healthy, or because they write such fine letters, or because they have not grown crooked ever embroidery, or because they are so innocent, unaffected and modest? We will drop that subject, but I must give you one piece of good advice. Do not make your daughter Emma exert herself too much, as you have done with your eldest daughter. If that is so, Mrs. Spreggens, it seems to have agreed with her very well. But she would have been better. If she had not played at all, that I can't tell exactly, as I said yesterday.

2:08:08Well, you are satisfied now with Emma's state of health. It has of no use to advise such people as you. I have always devoted myself to my business as a teacher, and have daily taken counsel with myself about the education of my daughters, and of other people who may have formed for artists. And it must be acknowledged I have done so with some ability. Not attending to him, but turning to Emma. But does it not make your fingers ache to play such difficult music? Only when a teacher reps her on the knuckles, and that I never do. Emma looks at the parrot, which is hanging in the parlor, and strokes the great bulldog. John Spreggens, entering with his daughter Lizzie. Her dominie. Will you be so good to hear our daughter Lizzie play, and advise us whether to continue in the same course? Music is, in fact, hereditary in our family. My wife played a little too, in her youth, and I once played on the violin. But my teacher told me I had no talent for it,

2:09:10no ear, and no idea of time, and that I scraped too much. Very curious. He must have been mistaken. But I always was devotedly fond of music. My father and my grandfather, on our estate, often used to play the organ for the organist in church, and the tenants always knew when they were playing. My father used often to tell that story at table. Ha, ha, it was very troll. Curious. Well, to return to my violin, I gave it up after a year, because it seemed rather scratchy to me too. Curious. Probably your ear and your taste had become more cultivated. Afterwards, when I accepted an office, my wife said to me, my dear, what a pity it is about your violin. So I had it restrong and took a teacher. It seems as if it were only yesterday. Casting down his eyes, the servant brings ice. That was very curious. But the government hall player thought he could not get on in duets with me.

2:10:14Pureeous. So you obliged to play early solos. But to return to your daughter, will you be good enough to play me something? Is Lizzy? Condescendingly, in a low voice. She is a little timid and embarrassed at playing before your daughter, Emma. You really need not be so. Bring lay graces by her and a Rosalind's tremolo. But, my ma, I have forgotten that piece by her. And I've not learnt the tremolo very well yet. That is always the way with me. Mr. Shepherd says I may console myself. It was always the same with his other scholars. He says I shall finally make my way. But Mr. Shepherd is so very strict. Are you very strict, her Dominie? What, my child, you have heard me say so before? Her Dominie is the very strictest, but, her, he will not acknowledge it. There is one thing you must allow, Mrs. Spriggins, that my pupils always take pleasure in my lessons.

2:11:16And that must be the case because their progress is evident and gives them delight. And everything is developed in a most natural way. Less sharply. We won't discuss that. But how are your daughters able to play so many pieces to people? And, moreover, without notes, if they have not been obliged to practice all day long. And if you have not been very cruel with them, while my Lizzy cannot play a single thing without bungling. Allow me, Madam. It must be the fault of Mr. Shepherd. No, no, you must excuse me. But we won't permit any reflections on Mr. Shepherd. He is very particular and unwerried. It does not depend entirely upon that, but upon my honour, it is marvelous to see how talented pupils always seem to flock to you. This is Matt Rodgers from Lost Culturistas with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like, wait. That's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo.

2:12:17It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavour. It's smooth. This rich umami flavour. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it. Restaurants use it. People who really care about flavour use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything. Then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need. Explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio.

2:13:19If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about a dozen apps your cousin swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. It is easy to teach such. You must not forget, however, that my grandfather played on the organ. Now Lizzie sit down and play something. She chooses a cavettina from the pirates with variations. The introduction begins with E-flat in unison. Lizzie strikes E in unison and the same in the bass, and exclaims, Damn, Emma, didn't I tell you so? I don't remember it now.

2:14:19Mr. Shepherd enters, steps up hastily, and puts her finger on E-flat. Pardon me, Herr Dominie. I will only sit her going. It makes her a little confused to play before such connoisseurs. She loses her eyesight. Don't you see Lizzie? There are three flags in the signature. Courage now. Lizzie can't get at the pedal. The bulldog is lying over it. John, take him out. After the removal of the bulldog, Lizzie plays as far as the fourth bar when she strikes C sharp instead of C and stops. Never mind. Begin again. Herr Dominie is pleased to hear that. He has gone through it all with his own children. Lizzie begins again at the beginning and goes on to the eighth bar where she sticks fast. Don't make me ashamed of you, Lizzie. Now, begin once more. A week ago, it went quite tolerably. Lizzie begins once more and plays or rather scrambles through it, as far as the 18th bar.

2:15:19But now it is all over with her and she gets up. Skip the introduction. It is too difficult. Begin at once on the theme. John sprig ins to his wife. We will go away and leave the gentleman alone. By and by, gentlemen, we will talk about it further over a cup of tea. Lizzie refuses to play. Mr. Shepherd, let Lizzie play a few scales or some chords, a few finger exercises, or some easy dance without notes. She has nothing of that kind ready. You see, I always take out one piece after another and I have each one played as well as again. She repeats the difficult parts. I write the proper fingerings over them and I am very particular that she does not use the wrong fingers. I have taken such a great deal of pains and quite warm myself out of the lessons. Lizzie does the same and pranks her pieces two hours a day. Lizzie goes away with Emma. Mr. Shepherd, with the best intentions in the world, you will never accomplish your end.

2:16:24Even if Miss Lizzie is only to play as an amateur and is not intended for anything higher, for which in fact she has not sufficient talent, you must pay some attention beforehand to the requirement of a correct tone and get rid of this robin red-briss touch. You must then endeavour by scales and exercises of every kind to give to her hands and fingers so much firmness, decision and ecstery that she can master her pieces, at least with a certain distinct tone and a tolerable touch. You are not less in error in the choice of her pieces, which are far too difficult, a fault of most teachers, even with the most skillful pupils. The pieces which your pupils are to execute should be below their mechanical powers. For otherwise, the struggle with difficulties robs the player of all confidence in the performance and gives rise to stumbling, bungling and hurry. The mechanical powers should be cultivated by studies and exercises,

2:17:26in preference to pieces, at least to those of certain famous composers who do not write in a manner adapted to the piano, or who, at any rate, regard the music as of more importance than the player. This may apply even to Beethoven in a higher grade of composition, but his music is full of danger for the performer. The only course which can ever lead to a sure result, without wearying both pupil and parent, and without making piano playing distasteful, is first to lay a foundation in mechanical power, and then to go on with the easy pieces by Hunden and Bergmüller. If you try to produce the mechanical dexterity essential for piano performance by the study of pieces, except with the most careful selection, you will waste a great deal of time and deprive the pupil of all pleasure and interest. And the young Lizzy will be much more interested in the hope of a husband than in the satisfaction of performing a piece which will give pleasure to herself and her friends. There can be no success without gradual development and culture,

2:18:32without a plan, without consideration and reflection, in fact, without a proper method. How can there be any good result if the pupil has to try at the same time to play with the correct touch, with the proper fingering, in time, with proper phrasing, to move the fingers rightly, to gain familiarity with the notes, and to avoid the confusion between the treble and the bass notes, and in fact has to struggle with everything at once, and what fixations, what loss of time without success. Shepherd listened with attention and a light seemed to dawn upon him. Dominion Shepherd go into tea. Well gentlemen, have you come to any conclusion? Is not Lizzy a good pupil? She is obliged to practice two hours every day, however tired she may be. Do you think we should continue in the same course, Herr Dominion? Herr Dominion has called my attention to some points which will be of use to me. Only a few trifles. After tea will not miss Emma play to us.

2:19:36The piano is very much out of tune. Some of the keys stick, the action is too light, and the instrument generally is not calculated for the successful execution of anything. I beg your pardon. It was considered by everybody a very fine instrument when we bought it 16 years ago. We had a great bargain in it at the time, for we purchased it off a neighbour who had improved it very much by use. Mr. Shepherd will confirm what I say this. Emma bows her head thoughtfully and looks at Shepherd suspiciously. My violin has very much improved during the last 20 years. On my honour, if Lizzy were a boy, she should learn to play on the violin to keep it in the family. That would be curious. Dominion wishes to take leave with his daughter, condescendingly. I hope you will come to see us again soon. The next time Lizzy will play Rosalind's tremolo, and Miss Emma must play us a piece too. You are extremely kind. Take sleep. End of chapter 7

2:20:39Chapter 8 of Piano and Song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Libravox recording. All Libravox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Libravox.org. Chapter 8 Singing and Singing Teachers Read by Marty Chris A letter to a young lady singer. My dear Miss, you are endowed with an admirable gift for singing and your agreeable though not naturally powerful voice has vivacity and youthful charm, as well as a fine tone. You possess much talent in execution, yet you nevertheless share the lot of almost all your sisters in art, who, whether in Vienna, Paris or Italy, find only teachers who are rapidly helping to annihilate the opera throughout Europe, and are ruling out of court the simple,

2:21:40noble refined and true art of singing. This modern, unnatural style of art, which merely aspires to the superficial effects and consists only in mannerisms and which must ruin the voice in a short time before it reaches its highest perfection, has already laid claim to you. It is scarcely possible to rescue your talent unless convinced that you have been falsely guided, you stop entirely for a time and allow your voice to rest during several months, and then, by correct artistic studies and with a voice never forced or strong, often indeed weak, you improve your method of attack by the use of much less and never audible breathing, and acquire a correct, quiet guidance of the tones. You must also make use of the voice in the middle register and strengthen the good head tones by skillfully lowering them. You must equalize the registers of the voice by a correct and varied use of the head tones and by diligent practice of Salfegio. You must restore the unnaturally extended registers to their proper limits,

2:22:44and you still have other points to reform. Are you not aware that this frequent tremulousness of the voice, this immoderate forcing of its compass by which the chess register is made to interfere with the head tones, is coqueting with the deep chess tones, this affected, offensive, and almost inaudible nasal pianissimo. The aimless jerking out of single tones and in general, this whole false mode of vocal execution must continually shock the natural sentiment of a cultivated un-pregidous hearer, as well as the composer and singing teacher. What must be the effect on a voice in the middle register, when its extreme limits are forced in such a reckless manner, and when you expand as much breath for a few lines of a song as a correctly educated singer would require for a whole aria. How long will it be before your voice already weakened and almost always forced beyond the limits of beauty, shall denigrate into a hollow, dull, guttural tone,

2:23:44and even into that explosive or tremulous sound which proclaims irramedial injury. Is your beautiful voice and your talent to disappear like a meteor as others have done? Or do you hope that the soft air of Italy will in time restore a voice once ruined? I fall into a rage when I think of the many beautiful voices which have been spoiled and have dwindled away without leaving a trace during the last 40 years, and I vent my overflowing heart in a brief notice of the many singing teachers whose rise and influence I have watched for 20 years past. The so-called singing teachers whom we usually find, even in large cities and in musical institutions, I exempt from any special criticism for they would not be able to understand my views. They permit soprano voices to sing scales in all the five vowels at once, begin with C instead of F, allow a long holding of the notes in order to bring out the voice until the poor victim rolls her eyes and grows dizzy. They talk only

2:24:50of the fine chest tones which must be elicited, will have nothing to do with the head tones, will not even listen to them, recognize them, or learn to distinguish them. Their highest principle is Fudge, we don't want any rubbish of Teshner, Mix, and Vick. Singing your own plain way, what is the use of this murmuring without taking breath? For what do you have lungs if you are not to use them? Come, try this aria, gratze, gratze, produce an effect down on your knees. This is Matt Rogers from Los Cultures, that's with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Cultures, that's Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction, a lot of people are having when they first try QB mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle, you've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge

2:25:51mistake because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs, QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify,

2:26:54and about a dozen apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. There are again others who allow screaming, the more the better in order to produce power and expression in the voice, and to make it serviceable for public performances. They may, indeed, require the singing of Salfegio and Prattle about the requisite equality of the tones, and they consequently make the pupil practice diligently and strongly on the two lined A, B, flat, and B, where kind nature does not at first place the voice, because she has reserved herself the slow and careful development of it. As for the unfortunate gasping medium voices, which are still less dacile and which sigh in the throat, and after all

2:27:57can only speak, some teachers postpone the cultivation of these to the future, or else they exclaim in a satisfied way, now we will sing at sight. Hit the notes. Let us have classical music. Of these also, I forbear to speak. And as for the singing teachers whose business is to educate the voice for the opera of the future, I am really unable to write about them. In the first place, I know nothing about the future, the unborn, and in the second place, I have more than enough to do with the present. And now I come to those who honestly wish to teach better, and who in a measure do so. But even they are too pedantic. With prejudice views, they pursue one-sided aims. Without looking around to the right or to the left or forwards, and without daily learning, reflecting and striving, they run in a groove. Always ride their particular hobby, cut everything

2:29:00after one pattern, and use up the time in secondary matters in incredible trifles. For the formation of a fine tone, not a minute should be lost, particularly with ladies singers who are not strong, and usually cannot, or ought not to sing more than 20 days in a month, and who surely ought to be allowed to use their time in a reasonable manner. Moreover, these are the teachers whom it is most difficult to comprehend. Though they use only seven tones, they are plunged in impenetrable mysteries, in incomprehensible knowledge, and in multitude of so-called secrets out of which, indeed, nothing can ever be brought to light. For this, however, they do not consider themselves to blame, not even their hobby horses. But as they say, the higher powers. We will, for one, suppose that three-fourths of the measures, which they are accustomed to employing their treatment of the voice and of the individual, are good and correct. The same is true of many

2:30:02piano teachers. But the remaining fourth is sufficient to ruin the voice, or to prevent its proper development, and therefore nothing correct is to be gained. There are other teachers who never can get beyond the formation of the tone, and are lost in the pursuit of perfection, that terrestrial valley of tears. Truly a beautiful country, but which is only to be found in paradise. Others, instead of thinking, I will try for the present to do better than others have done. So, Horesse entwiment the poor mortal voices with their aim at perfect equality and perfect beauty of tone, the result often is that everything becomes unequal and far from beautiful. Some teachers make their pupils so anxious and troubled that owing to their close attention to the tone and the breath and the pronunciation, they sing their songs in an utterly wooden manner, and so, in fact, they too are lost in optimism and in tears, whereas for singing a happy confidence

2:31:03in the ability to succeed is essential. Others pursue an opposite course, and are guilty of worst faults, as you will see if you look around. Some of them have no standard of perfection, but use up the time in an exchange of ideas with their pupils, with besteerious and conceded ifs and buts. They are very positive, but only within the narrow circle of their own ideas. They make no advance in a correct medium path. Some allow students to practice only staccato, and others only legato, aiming thereby at nobody knows what. Some allow them to sing too loud, and others too feebly. Some philosophise earnestly about beauty in the voice, and others grumble about unpleasantness in the same. Some are enthusiastic about extraordinary talents, others fret about the want of talent. Some have a passion for making all of the sopranos sing alto, others do just the reverse. Some prefer a shadowy, others a clear voice. They all rest their opinions

2:32:10upon the authority of some famous screaming master who has written a singing system. Upon like authority, some cultivate chiefly the deep tones because it is very fine, and creates an effect for soprano voices to be able to suddenly sing like men, or rather to growl, and because it is the fashion in Paris. Others, on the contrary, pride themselves upon the head tones, but they are none of them willing to pay much attention to the medium voices. That is too critical and too delicate a matter, and requires too much trouble for the modern art of singing. This is Matt Rogers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try new food and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake because

2:33:11this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. Once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining our SS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your

2:34:14cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. As a last resort, they be think themselves of kind nature and lay the blame upon her. Well, I will have no more to say upon this point, but we'll proceed. Have I not already in my piano instructions insisted on the importance of a gradual and careful use of every proper expedient to extend, strengthen, beautify, and preserve the voice? I am thought, however, to infringe upon the office of the singing masters who hold their position to be much more exalted than that of the poor piano teacher. Still, I must be allowed to repeat that voices are much more easily injured than fingers, and that broken, rigid voices are much worse than stiff,

2:35:18unmanageable fingers, unless, after all, they amount to the same thing. I demand of singing teachers that they show themselves worthy of their position and allow no more voices to go to destruction and that they give us some satisfactory results. I believe in fact in my homely simplicity that the whole thing may be accomplished without any mystery, without trading in secrets or charlatanery. Without the aid of modern anatomical improvement, or rather destruction of the worn-out throat, through shortening or increasing the flexibility of the palate, through the removal of the unnecessary glands, or by attempts to lengthen the vocal passage, or by remedying a great many other things in which nature has made a mistake, and on which special doctors for the voice in Paris and London are now employed. We supply the want of all these by the following little rule. Three trifles are essential for good piano or singing teacher. The finest taste, the deepest feeling, the most

2:36:22delicate ear, and, in addition, the requisite knowledge, energy, and some practice. Voila too, I cannot devote myself to the treatment of the throat, for which I have neither time nor fitness, and my lady-singers are so busy with the formation of true tone and in attention to the care and preservation of their voices that they only wish to open their mouths for that object, and not for anatomical purposes. In playing piano also, I require no cutting of the inter-digital fold, no mechanical hand support, no accelerator for the fingers or stretching machine, and not even the finger rack invented and used without my knowledge by a famous pupil of mine for the proper raising of the third and fourth fingers. My dear young lady, if the creator has made the throat badly for singing, he alone is responsible. I cannot come to his assistance by destroying the throat with lunar caustic and then reconstructing it. If the throat is really worn out,

2:37:28may it not perhaps be owing to the teacher and to his mistaken management? Nature does many things well, and before the introduction of this modern fashion of singing produced many beautiful voices, has she all at once become incapable of doing anything right? We will then simply return to the three trifles above mentioned, and in these we will live and work with our heart, with all our soul, and with all our mind. End of chapter 8 Singing and Singing Teachers, reading by Marty Chris. Chapter 9 Thoughts on Singing Our vocal composers, followed by many singing teachers and singing

2:38:35institutions, have almost banished from music the true art of singing, or at least, have introduced an unnatural, faulty, and always disagreeable mode of delivery, by which the voice has been destroyed, even the Ford has attained its full development. The consideration of this fact induces me to communicate some portions from my journal, and to unite with them a few opinions of the noted singing master, Tessner of Berlin. Must we again and again explain to German composers that, though we do not acquire them to compose an Italian, they ought at least to learn to write in German in a manner suited for singing. Otherwise, in their amazing ignorance and infatuation, they will wear out the powers of opera singers, and torture the public, apparently without a suspicion that it is possible to write both grand and light operas with true characteristic German thoroughness. Even German opera requires a constant attention to the right use of the voice,

2:39:40and a methodical, effective mode of singing. It tolerates no murderous attacks on single male and female voices, or on the full opera company. It is opposed to that eager searching after superficial effect, which every sincere friend of the opera must lament. Is it then so difficult to obtain the requisite knowledge of the human voice, and to study the scores of Glock, Hayden, Mozart, Rosini, Bellini, and Anazetti, with a special regard to this? Do our vocal composers make too great a sacrifice to their creative genius in making a study of those things which are essential? You consider it more defined to inquire of those who understand singing, and you are sensitive about the disturbance of your vein overestimate of your own powers, but you are not ashamed to cause the destruction of man's noblest gift, the human voice. If taste, feeling, and a fine ear are,

2:40:43and always must be, the chief requirements in composing for the great public, I ask you how you can lay claim to these three trifles when you constantly violate them. Composer, if Mrs. N had executed my Arya today in as earnest and masterly a style, and with as agreeable a voice, as she did that of Rosini yesterday, she would have given us much satisfaction, for it is much more interesting and expressive both musically and harmonically, and written with more dramatic effect. Singer, you make a mistake, and you always will do so, as long as you consider the study of the voice as of secondary importance, or in fact, pay no attention whatever to it, the latter Arya, which is composed with regard to the voice, and to the employment of its most agreeable tones, puts me into a comfortable mood, and gives me a feeling of success, yours on the contrary,

2:41:45into one of dissatisfaction and anticipation of failure. Of what importance is the musical value of a composition, if it can only be sung with doubtful success, and if the voice is obliged to struggle with it, instead of having it under control. You attach less importance to the free, agreeable exercise of the voice, than does the unanimous public. I do not wish to excite compassion, but to give pleasure by a beautifully developed style of singing. You pay some attention to adaptability to the piano or the violin, why are you usually regardless of fitness for the voice? Critics have often asked, why does Jenny-Lind sing so coolly? Why does she not sing grand, passionate parts? Why does she not select for her performance some of the latter German or even Italian operas? Why does she always sing Amina, Buccia, Norma, Tuzanna, etc.? In reply to these in similar questions,

2:42:47I will ask, why does she always to remain Jenny-Lind? Why does she endeavor to preserve her voice as long as possible? Why does she select operas in which she may use her pure artistic refined mode of singing, which permits no mannerism, no hypocritical sentiment, and which possesses an ideal beauty? Why does she choose operas in which she can give the most perfect possible image of her own personality? Why operas in which she may allow the marvelous union of her powers of song to shine conspicuously without doing violence to her voice and forcing its tones or casting doubt upon her lofty, noble, and beautiful art? Why does she first regard the singing and only afterwards the music, or both united? This is the answer to the same questions which are likewise asked about Henry Atisantec and all great singers. Even the passionate Schroeder DeVarant seldom made an exception to this rule, although she was not independent of the theaters.

2:43:51These questions should be an urgent warning to our young female singers, not to sacrifice themselves to any of the modern-screening operas, unsuited for singing, but to preserve and watch over their voices, and to guard them from immoderate, continued, and often in artistic exertion. In fact, the sing always in the voice register with which nature has endowed them, and to never shriek to renounce the present fashionable, so-called singing effects. And the modern scene-screening, as Jenny Linden and Henry Atisantec have always done, then their voices would remain useful for the opera, as was formerly the case, from 10 to 20 years, and they would not have to mourn, as is too common after a very short time a feeble, broken voice and departed health. Let Jenny Linden and Henry Atisantec be placed as the finest models before our young gifted, ambitious singers. They are to be regarded as miraculous phenomena,

2:44:56especially in our times, when the modern style of singing has, or reasons difficult to justify, so widely deviated from the old school, which was so fruitful in brilliant results. That of Pistochi, or Porra, and Bernacci, what could show more clearly the disruptiveness of our present opera style than the sublime beauty of their singing, combined with their noble refined sound voices, such as Mayper's haps still be found among you. The managers of our theaters are in want of tenor singers who can act. They should consider that tenors who have any voices left have never learned to act, and tenors who are able to act no longer have any voices, because as a rule, they either have studied too little or have studied erroneously. Unless the voices received a correct and fine culture, the German comic operas lead immediately to destruction of the voice, especially of the sensitive, easily injured German tenor voice.

2:46:02Here I take occasion to remark upon the universal prejudice that a tenor ought to develop the chest tones as far as possible, that they are the finest. In tenors, with very few exceptions, this mistake and treatment has been speedily followed by the loss of both a voice and health. Nicely shaded singing, from piano onwards, is thereby rendered impossible, and toned which are always forced must remain unpleasant. Even although powers thus laboriously gained, they sometimes have a fine effect in the opera. A tenor who wishes to preserve his voice, and not to scream in the upper tones, who desires always to have a piano at command, and to possess the necessary shading and lightness, as well as elegance and flexibility, should cultivate the falsetto, and endeavor to bring it down as far as possible into the chest register. This is as indispensable as is the use of the head

2:47:04tones for the soprano. When the falsetto has two striking resemblance to the chest voice, and is even inferior to it, power, it is the result of want of perseverance and prudence in its cultivation. It ought to be almost imperceptibly connected with the chest register by the introduction of the mixed tones. We shall probably soon be called upon to read in Address of Young Female Singers to the Composers of Germany as follows. Freedom of thought, freedom in composition, freedom in the opera, but no annihilation of the throat. You are hereby notified that we protest against all operas which are repugnant to the true art of singing, for it is not in your power to compensate us for the loss of our voices, although it may be possible for you, after using up our talent as quickly as possible to look around for others, with whom you can do the same.

2:48:05First learn to understand singing, or rather, first learn to sing, as your predecessors have done, and as Italian composers still do, and then we will talk with you again. What a pedantic outcry about German want of adaptability for singing. Pray where is there the most singing? It is, I agree, in Germany. Is not singing taught in the public schools, and consider too, the innumerable singing clubs, singing societies, and singing institutions? That is just the misfortune which requires a thorough investigation. How many promising voices do these institutions annually follow to the grave? Who is it who sing in the schools? Boys and girls from 13 to 15 years old. But boys ought not to be allowed to sing while the voice is changing, and girls, also from physical reasons, ought not to sing at all at that age. And what kind of instructors

2:49:05teach singing here? Our epistolary and overwise age overwhelms our superintendents and corporations with innumerable petitions and proposals, but no true friend of humanity, of music and of singing, has yet been found to enlighten these authorities, and to prove to them that the most beautiful voices and finest talents are killed in the germ by these unsuitable, so-called singing lessons, especially in the public schools. Girls voices may be carefully awakened and skillfully practiced and made flexible and musical, but they should only be used in Metsuvoce, and only until the period of their development. This is Matt Rodgers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. You know when people try on new food, and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little

2:50:07baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake, because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it. Grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're out of the store. Put it on just about anything. Then you'll understand. QB, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spraker. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is, Spraker makes the whole process simple. You record your show,

2:51:11upload it once, and Spraker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spraker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones. Start your show today at spreeker.com. Spraker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. Or up to the 13th year, or a few months sooner or later. This ought to be done with great experience, delicacy, practical knowledge, and circumspection. But where are we to find suitable singing professors? And who was to pay them a sufficient salary? Therefore, away with this erroneous instruction of children in singing, away with the abortion of philanthropy and musical folly of this extravagant age. Can such a premature, unrefined, faulty screaming of children, or croaking in their throats,

2:52:12without artistic cultivation and guidance compensate for the latter inevitable horseness and loss of voice, and for the destruction of the organs of singing. The tenors who belong to these singing societies and institutions force out and sacrifice their uncultured voices, and scream with throat, palate, and nasal tones. In the execution of four part songs by this or that famous composer, which are far from beautiful, and which serve only to ruin the voice. Who was the lady who sang the solo in Yonder singing Academy? That girl, a year ago, had a fresh, beautiful, sonorous voice. But, although she is only twenty years old, it already begins to fail her. And she screws and forces it by the help of the chest tones, up to the two-line day, without anything having ever been done for the adjustment of the voice registers and for the use of the headtones, and without proper direction from a competent superintendent.

2:53:18Instead of this, he was continually exclaiming, loud, forcibly, clonespressione. While even the streetboys in Italy sing clearly and often with great ability, their national songs so well suited to the voice, and in their most beautiful language, our northern voices, which are obliged to contend with the great difficulties of the German language, are sacrificed in the most cold-blooded and self-satisfied manner in schools and singing societies, while all artistic preparation by which alone the voice may be preserved and cultivated, is neglected. Who are at the head of these institutions and societies? Musicians, it is true, but they are strangers to the special education in singing, or are not skillful singing teachers, who understand how to combine methodical cultivation of the voice with practical execution. Their entire instruction consists, at most, in hitting the notes and keeping time.

2:54:21These musicians say, whoever joins my society must know how to sing. What does that mean? Where are they to learn it? And even when you have succeeded in obtaining for your academy a few imprudent but well-taught singers, does not the preservation of their voices then require the greatest care and watchfulness? Is that in your power? Have you the requisite knowledge for it? Are not these few well-educated voices obliged to sing by the side of singers who have been taught in a wrong manner and who have no pure correct intonation? Then what do these societies amount to? Do they improve or destroy the voice? They make the members musical, a fine consolation for the loss of the voice. They teach them to hit the notes and to keep time. A great comfort after the voice has been destroyed by false culture. A singing teacher who has no firm decided principle,

2:55:22who is constantly wavering backwards and forwards, and who frequently leads others into error by his untenable opinions, who cannot quickly discern the special talent and capacity of his pupils, or discover the proper means to get rid of what is false or wrong, and adopt this speediest road to success without any one-sided theories of perfection, who mistrust and blames, worries, offends, and oppresses instead of encouraging, who is always dissatisfied instead of cordially acknowledging what is good in the people, who at one time rides a high horse instead of kindly offering a helping hand, and at another time praises as extravagantly as before he has blamed, and kills time in such ways as these. He may be the encyclopedia of knowledge, but his success will always fall short of his hopes. Firmness, decision, energy, and a delicate

2:56:23quick perception, the art not to say too much or too little, and to be quite clear in his own mind, and with constant considerate kindness to increase the courage and confidence of his pupils. These are requisite above all things for a singing master, as well as for a piano teacher. My singers are educated for the public, for the stage, and must therefore sing loud, study hard, force their execution, and make use of a great deal of breath. How else will they be able to produce an effect? Answer, what then is the effect of your culture? I know of none, except they at first are applauded because they are young and pretty, and are novelties, because they have good voices, and the benevolent public wishes to encourage them, and then they disappear in a year or two without leaving any trace. The singing teacher can succeed in cultivating not more than one good voice in 20, with any noteworthy

2:57:29result, hence the decadence of the art of singing. Answer, unless some unusual disturbance or sickness occur, all voices improve till the 24th year. When this is not the case, it is to be attributed only to the singing teacher. Many voices acquire a sharp tone, which is the precursor of decay. Answer, all voices are, and will remain, more or less tender, if their culture is correct. Only Jenny Lin and Henrietta Sontag were allowed by the public to give out their voices naturally and lightly without straining them, and to sing piano and pianissimo, and their celebrity is a justification of this privilege. Answer, but how would they have obtained their celebrity, if this were not the true, correct, and pure mode of singing? Our singers also try to piano and

2:58:30pianissimo, but they can produce no effect on their audience's buy it, as you may see every day. Answer, good heavens! I should think so, with such a piano, with strained voices, faulty attack, and the use of too much breath, a piano which only gurgles in the throat or deeper, that I do not mean I must refer you again to the three trifles mentioned in my eighth chapter. But some voices have no piano, and many singers do not take the right course to acquire it. Answer, what a widespread, groundless excuse. Here we may see the error of our times. People look for the fault outside of themselves, and not in themselves, the inventive power of the age is here truly astonishing. When, owing to false management, the voice soon degenerates instead of improving with time. It is the consequence of a faulty

2:59:31formation of the throat, and the neglect of London throat brushes, if such badly educated voices can no longer produce a piano. It is owing to the unskilfulness of nature and to the false construction of the necessary organs. If the piano is only a wheeze, the reason is found in the deficiency of palate and excess of muscles. If several times in the month, the worn out weary voice can only groan inside or cannot emit a sound, it is the result of a change in the weather, or other meteorological conditions. If we complain of unpleasant, shrieking tones, occasioned by the mouth being too widely stretched, then the rays of sound take an oblique instead of direct course. If the poor strained medium voice, even with the help of a great deal of breath, can only produce dull, hollow, veiled, and unpleasant tones, that is said to be a necessary crisis

3:00:33of which cruel nature requires a great many in the course of her development of the voice. Finally, if from long and forced holding of the chest tones, they are changed into noises like the bellowing of calves and the quacking of ducks, and the instructor finally perceives it, then again we have a crisis, and alas, no one thinks of the three trifles. What occasions the want of success of our singing teachers, many of whom are musical, possess a delicate ear, fine culture and feeling, have studied systems of singing, and exert themselves zealously to teach rightly. They fail in the culture of the tone, which is not to be learned from books or by oneself, but only from verbal communications, to learn to produce a clear tone with a light, free, natural attack, to understand how to draw forth the sound with the use of no unnecessary breath, and to cause the sound to strike against

3:01:35the roof of the mouth above the upper row of teeth, to improve the pronunciation to adjust the registers. These, with many other things, may seem very easy, but to teach them all in the shortest time without wearing out the voice and without falling into errors, to persevere in teaching to the end, even if the pupil already sings correctly, to know what is still wanting and how it is to be attained. All these, one must acquire by long and constant experience. When Schrader Deverein came from Vienna to Dresden, a young but already celebrated singer, though at that time wanting in the proper foundation for singing, she was not a little surprise when Mieck called her attention to the deficiency. She devoted herself thoroughly to the primary formation of the tone under the instruction of Mieck, and must still remember the old master, and his extraordinary practice in this particular. Mieck learned it from Kasele, a pupil of Bernacci.

3:02:40He had just sung as a young tenor, with great applause, in a concert and introduced himself to Kasele, who was present, expecting to receive his approbation. But the latter, instead of commending, assured him frankly that his motive singing was false, and that with such misuse of his voice would succumb within a year, unless he adopted a correct culture of tone. After much hard struggle, the young Mieck renounced all further public applause, and studied the formation of tone asidiously and perseveringly with Kasele, after having previously allowed his overstrained voice a time for rest. If a singing teacher has, by chance, met with a docile pupil, possessed up a voice of unusual beauty, it frequently happens that the studies are not pursued with sufficient perseverance, and perhaps are continued only for a few weeks or months instead of allowing a year or more, according to circumstances. Richard Wagner agrees with me when he says,

3:03:43why then write operas to be sung when we no longer have either male or female singers? Since modern progress has come to regard the three trifles as belonging entirely to the past, and in their place has proclaimed boldness, spirit, power, two evil spirits have had rule. They go hand in hand, ruin the voice, wound the cultivated ear, and provide for us only empty opera houses. One of these evils has been frequently alluded to by me. It is the expenditure of a great deal too much breath. The finest voices are obliged to practice with full breath until they shriek, and the result is mere sobbing, and the heavy drawing of the breath, just at the time when the tone should still be heard, even if everything else could be right, in such a culture of the tone, which must very shortly relax the muscles of the voice, that one thing in itself would be sufficient to destroy all promise of success.

3:04:47The second evil endangers even the male voice, which is able to endure much ill treatment. While a female voice is quickly forced by it into a piercing shrillness, or is driven back into the throat, soon to be entirely exhausted, or is at least prevented from attaining a natural fine development, this second evil is the reckless and destructive straining of single tones to their extreme limits, even to perfect exhaustion. The poor singer urges and squeezes out the voice, and quivers to the innermost marrow, in order that the two requirements of boldness and power may be satisfied, but the spirit is still wanting, which should be shown in a light and well-shaded delivery. The effect of extreme shading, however, is accomplished in a single romance. The unfortunate, misdirected singer, who must aim at effect, lays out so much force on single tones,

3:05:50or even on whole lines, and that too, in the best register of his voice. The other registers do not permit this, that the succeeding tones are forced to retire powerless into the throat, and the beautiful, fresh, youthful tenor, or base voice, concludes with exhausted groaning and mere speaking tones. The Romanza is now at an end, and certainly, boldness, spirit, and power have worked in union. The task is executed the better, because a rude accompaniment has probably sustained the singer in a most striking manner, and has completed the total effect. By such management, to which I must infatically add the continual holding of the tones, even in the forte, voices are expected to come out to be developed, inspired, and made beautiful. This is Matt Rogers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from

3:06:52Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food, and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try cutie mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake, because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cutie only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Examages, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms

3:07:53include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about a dozen apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. What healthy ear can endure such enormities in tone formation, such tortures in singing? These then are the modern contributions of the embellishment of art. A curse on these evil spirits. If my feeble pen shall assist in bringing such singing teachers to their senses,

3:08:55and shall help to save only a few of our fine voices, I shall consider my mission fulfilled, and the aim of this book, so far as it concerns singing, accomplished. I have here to fore combatted many prejudices, both in earnest and in sport, successfully and unsuccessfully, but one I find very obstinate. It has pursued me in cessantly for years. A piano player with a rigid, strained, and vicious touch, proceeding from the arm may play a great deal, but his plane is thoroughly vulgar and without beauty. He feels this himself, and the plane of my pupils pleases him better. He wishes me to change his style to their better manner, but he still continues to pound, to bang, to exaggerate, and to play in his own way, and only wishes his style to be improved, and his power of execution to be increased. If a performer of this sort is not much more than 20 years of age,

3:09:59something may yet be done for the improvement of his touch, and consequently of his style of plane. But this is only possible by laying aside all his accustomed pieces of music, and by diligently practicing daily, small, easy exercises, which must be played delicately with loose fingers, and without allowing the arm to give the slightest assistance. Otherwise, all labor will be thrown away upon him. How else can you begin, except by laying a proper foundation for a better style? I have frequently urged this principle both by speech and in writing, but the difficulty always returns, and especially in the cultivation of female singers. A girl of 18 comes to me. She has heard of the excellent cultivation of my lady singers, and wishes to obtain the same for herself. In order that I may hear her voice, she selects the air kunig by Schubert, that perilous piece,

3:11:02which is apt to lead even highly cultivated singers into frightful atrocities. Haven'ts, what must I hear? With the remains of a fine youthful voice, whose registers are already broken up and disconnected, she shrieks out the air kunig. Between sobs and groans with screwed-up chest tones and many modern improprieties, but nevertheless with dramatic talent, the piercing voice, forced to its utmost, fills me with horror, but also with pity for such a glorious endowment and such an unnatural development. At the conclusion, her voice succumbed to the effort, and she could only groan hoarsely and wheeze without emitting a sound. She has, however, frequently produced great effect in society, and drawn tears with this performance. It is her favorite piece. Let us abandon the singing for parties. This melancholy dilatantism is everywhere

3:12:04so obtrusive. The girl is only 18 years old. Is she beyond salvation? I endeavored to build her voice up again, gradually by gentle practice. She succeeds very well in it, and after six lessons, her natural desility arouses hope. The head tones again make their appearance, and the practice of sylphegio brings out once more the stifled voice which had been forced back into the throat by senseless exertions. A better attack begins to be developed and the chest register returns to its natural limits. She now declared with her mother's approval that she really would continue to study in this way, but she could not give up the performance of her effective and spirited conception of the ericunic. She came a few times more. I could perceive that the good structure was tottering. After a few months, she had entirely sacrificed her voice to this single ericunic.

3:13:06In such tender years, one such idol is sufficient. What a price for an ericunic. The old experience singing teacher, Meeched of Dresden, with the exceptions of Ruzini, the last famous champion of the old school, has often warned me that radical amendment is seldom possible with such overstrained and broken voices, which already are obliged to struggle with enffebled muscles, even although youth may excite great and decided hopes. There is also another difficulty. That one of these strong, overstrained voices must hair after be used with much less strength. If we wish to cultivate a correct tone, and it is impossible to tell whether the chest tones, when they are restored to their true limit, will ever come out again as powerful and at the same time as beautiful. Let no musician, however talented and cultivated he may be, ever adopt the teaching of singing, unless he can combine with firmness of character, great patience, perseverance,

3:14:12and disinterestedness. Otherwise, he will experience very little pleasure and very little gratitude. Even if the ericunic does not stand in the way, every voice presents new and peculiar difficulties. A few words addressed to singing teachers, on the accompaniment of aitudes, exercises, scales, etc. It is common for teachers to play their accompaniments as furiously as if they had to enter into a struggle for life and death with their singers. At the beginning of the lesson, the lady singer ought to commence quite piano, at f in the one line octave, and to sing up and down from there through five or six notes, without any expenditure of breath, and should guide and bring out her voice by a gentle practice of sulfedgeo, and yet you bang and pound on the keys, as if you had to accompany drums and trumpets. Do you not perceive that in this way you induce

3:15:15your pupils to strain and force their voices, and that you mislead them into a false method, in such a noise, and while you are making such a monstrance expenditure of string, to which you add a sharp, uneasy touch and a frequent spreading of the chords. How can you watch the delicate movement of the singer's throat? Is it necessary for me to explain how such a rude accompaniment must interfere with the effort to sing firmly and delicately? Are you not aware that a light and agreeable, but at the same time firm and decided, accompaniment encourages and sustains the singer, and also assist and inspires her? You ought, in every way, to seek to cultivate in your pupil, the feeling for the right, the true, and the beautiful. But what is the girl of 18 to think of your culture and your sentiment if you pound the keys as if you were one of the piano furies?

3:16:15While this is your mode of accompanying the aitudes, how then do you accompany the aria, the song? If, for instance, the pupil is singing tenderly and wishes to bring out an artistic, delicate shading, you take advantage of that occasion to make yourself heard. And to annoy the singer and the audience with your rough shading, a singing teacher who does not take pains to acquire a good delicate touch and who neglects to pay constant attention to it is wanting in the first requirement, and this is closely connected with the want of the three trifles. End of chapter 9 Chapter 10 of piano and song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Liebervoch's recording. All Liebervoch's recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Liebervoch's.org.

3:17:19Chapter 10. Visit at Mrs. Ends. Mrs. End, Red by Natine Kjortpule, her daughter Fatima 18 years old, an aunt, Dominie, Red by LG Pog, towards the end of the evening, the piano teacher, Mr. Fiebel, Red by Alan 1405, Chapter 10. Visit at Mrs. Ends. Dominie, rather anxiously to Fatima. Will you do me the favor, Miss, to play something on the piano? Your aunt has told me a great deal about your playing. Smiling graciously. But really, the piano is out of tune, so my teacher says. But does not your teacher attend to having your piano always kept in tune? Mama says it is too expensive to have it tuned so often. It gets out of tune again so quickly. It is an old, small-legged piano as you see. Mama is always saying, when I am older, I shall have a

3:18:25chickering. The tuner comes regularly once in three months. The time is not yet up. But is your teacher satisfied with the tuning of your piano? Well, he has got used to it. It is the same with the other instruments he teaches on. Now, pet, play us something. Mr. Dominie likes music. He is a judge of it. His daughters play too. But what shall I play, Mama? You have got heaps of notes there. Mr. Dominie, prays select something. But I don't know which pieces Miss Fatima can master, and which she has now at her fingers ends. Pray, Mr. Dominie. Choose anything. They are all fine pieces. It makes no difference to her which she plays. But do you play that whole heap? She has played it all. She has played ever since she was ten years old and she has a very good teacher. He taught here when my sister used to accompany her lover solos on the flute. Oh, those were charming musical evenings, and the teacher often played the guitar with them

3:19:28extemporary. It was just like a concert. Indeed, that must have been very fine. Now, Miss, I beg... But Mama, just say what I shall play. He is not your teacher here this evening. He will know best. Whisperers to Dominie. He is busy this evening, composing some grand bravura variations, which are to be dedicated to Fatima on her 18th birthday the day after tomorrow. You must come to see us on that day. Fatima will play them at sight. Fatima, don't hold back any longer. Play the Ugonuts by Tholberg. That's a very fine piece. Pray, dude. I have not heard it since I heard Talberg play it. To Dominie. Don't you make your daughters play it then? Oh, that magnificent corral. That brings tears to my eyes. But the dear child always takes it too fast. Her fingers run away with her. Here it is. Please turn around so that you can see her hands, Mr. Dominie. You are such a famous teacher. Perhaps you can make some suggestions.

3:20:29Aside. I don't like to disturb her freedom in playing, but I will turn round if you say so. Fatima scurries through the piece excitedly and plays in a bold way. Not however, without ability, but with a feeble touch, without proper fingering, without tone, without time, and gets over the first two pages with her foot always on the pedal, in such a senseless, indistinct manner that Dominie in despair was forced to interrupt with the remark, but you might take the tempo a little more quietly. Fatima leans back amazed and stops playing, looking at her mother with a contemptuous expression. It is owing to her great execution, and then to her youthful enthusiasm. Don't you like her natural expression? My teacher always makes me play it so. It is in that way that I have learned to play so much at sight. But did you study your pieces? For the last four years, I have played only at sight, so that now I can get on anywhere in the musical club.

3:21:32That is what Mama likes. But do you not play any scales and etiates? Do you not practice any exercises? She has not done those things for the last four years. Why sister thinks it is rather a hindrance and is too pedantic? Her teacher thinks so too, and he teaches her the fine concert pieces of Dürler, List, Dreschock, Wilmer and Talberg. She learns execution by these. She has gone through all Talberg's music, and we have sent a Leipzig for Wilmer's pompadifesta. All this shares great enthusiasm, but really a little too much hot haste. Dominie wishes to continue the conversation in order to escape the unpleasant necessity of turning round to the piano. My child, just begin again at the beginning, and let us enjoy the whole of the Ugonuts. Mr. Dominie likes it. Fatima consents, and hurries through the whole popery with a confident conceded air to the great despair of Dominie. At the choral, the ant taps him on the shoulder and whispers.

3:22:34Is that not touching? It is a little too fast, you will agree, but then the execution has not the girl a great deal of talent just here. But what did Dominie say after the performance was over? He only bowed stiffly, and what he said to himself will always remain a secret. He only felt. They go into supper. All who submitted to hearing the daughter perform on the badly tuned piano, which was at least a ton and a half too low, were invited to supper and handsomely treated. The wine was better than the piano. Presently the teacher, Mr. Feeble, having finished his birthday, brovera composition, appeared and was introduced. Fatima whispered to him, Giggling. I played the whole of the Ugonuts. It went splendidly. Mr. Feeble simpered. Dominie and he talked together, unheard at the end of the table. The young lady has talent, Mr. Feeble. Indeed she has. How is it Mr. Feeble that she does not combine serious studies with her playing?

3:23:39Oh, I used to make her play exercises by A. E. Moola and some etch-use of churnies and sometimes a few scales. But the child was so volatile and has so little perseverance and was so quick at learning everything and then her mother wanted her to play modern pieces for parties and we had to busy ourselves with those. But I met her as born fruit, as you can see. Is it not so? Do you not think with firmness and decision you could have said Mrs. In on the right track? Could not you cultivate the mechanical powers of your pupil and combine an understanding of the musical construction of the piece with her playing at sight? The young lady, not to speak of other faults, has no turn on the piano. She can use the pedal for that and when she is older she will acquire more strength. Her touch is a little too weaker present and besides she is not to play in public for money but only in company and because it is the fashion. Indeed my dear sir, if I insist on scales and exercises I shall have very few lessons in the city. I have a wife and

3:24:45children to support and my old father, the former organist, is dependent on me. You can do all this with your own children but think how much time it requires to study the music. The company bid each other good night. This is Matt Rodgers from Lost Culturistas with Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Lost Culturistas with Matt Rodgers in Bowen Yang. You know when people try on new food and suddenly it's like wait that's the reaction a lot of people are having when they first try cutie mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before and if you've ever just walked past it some people would say that's a huge mistake because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper and almost buttery. Once people try it they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it,

3:25:45restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need. Explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives and saying things like sorry I can't talk right now I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour you might as well publish it. Flippantly to Dominic.

3:26:47I believe your daughter Emma is a very good player but they say she has not so much talent as your eldest daughter. Indeed who told you that? End of chapter 10. Chapter 11 of Piano and Song by Friedrich Wieck. This is our Liebervoch's recording. All Liebervoch's recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer please visit Liebervoch's.org. Secrets. Recording by Marty Chris. A discourse on piano playing delivered to an audience of Lady Publes. Ladies, as I am about to make a journey of a few weeks with my daughters we will suspend for a short time our musical meetings. On my return you will resume them with fresh interest. We will then not only play in sing together but occasionally talk upon kindred subjects.

3:27:47Your friends will be made welcome provided they are really interested in simple and noble musical performances which make no attempt at display. We will exclude from our circle malicious criticism and idle curiosity. We require the accompaniment of the violin and cello but not of those to disturbing elements. Today I wish to propound a query in regard to piano playing to the partial solution of which you will perhaps be glad to give some attention. You may be sure that I shall always speak only upon subjects which are not even mentioned in the most crowded piano school. Query. Why is it that our young educated ladies who enjoy the advantages of sufficient talent, industry, a serious purpose and all the necessary aids are usually dissatisfied with their progress and with their success in piano playing? Their education is a sufficiently careful one extending to all branches of knowledge but their intellectual advancement in music although

3:28:49it has been fostered for years by constantly listening to good music and frequently to the performances of distinguished players and by a critical comparison of their own performances with these is still small in proportion to their power of execution and to the mechanical facility which they have acquired. These are certainly essential to a correct and agreeable rendering of a piece of music. The compositions which are to be performed ought however never to demand the exercise of all the mechanical skill which has been acquired. For in that case by the struggle with the mechanical difficulties only embarrassment discouragement and anxious haste are apt to take the place of boldness confidence in oneself and command of the music. It is the duty of teachers in choosing studies for the improvement of technique to select only such as are within the mechanical powers of the pupil in order that he may make steady progress and may acquire a pure and delicate style of

3:29:50execution retaining at the same time a lively interest in his pursuit. But why has the requirement of this technique been usually unsuccessful? Number one because you begin to acquire it too late in order to gain facility and flexibility of your fingers and wrist which a child in the sixth or seventh year with a skillful teacher may acquire in four lessons. From 15 to 20 lessons according to the construction of the hand are necessary with the persons from 10 to 14 years old. For other reasons also we must urge that the mechanical facility should usually be acquired or at least a complete foundation for it laid in childhood and not left to be formed by a course which is destructive of all spirit at an age when labor is performed with self-consciousness. An age when our ladies are talking a great deal of musical interpretations of tenderness and depth of feeling of poetry and inspiration in playing to which they are led by the possession of our classical

3:30:52piano compositions and immortal masterworks and by intellectual friends and teachers aiming at the highest culture. You reply but even if your mode of elementary instruction should meet with faithful disciples how in such young pupils are we define perseverance and sense enough to continue these severe exercises even in your interesting manner. My dear ladies children ought to do it merely from habit although in many cases after the beginning talent and correct musical instinct may make their appearance uninterrupted enjoyment would indeed be unnatural and where you find vanity will usually be its moving spring and this seldom bears good fruit. You may as well ask whether are a great literary men and artists always like to go to school or whether they did not delight in a holiday. Let this be the answer to the strange question. Do your daughters like to play? Good heavens! After they are able to play and that without much effort and a little at sight

3:31:57when they can master with a musical appreciation easy graceful salon music or even the easier compositions of Beethoven Mendelssohn, Chopin, Hummel, Musculean and others. Then they take pleasure in playing and they play a great deal and with enthusiasm. But in case children should sometimes begin in their sixth year you must remember what is said in the first chapter of this work with regard to the prevalent false method of teaching beginners. You however are supposed to have had better and more sensible teachers. Let me nevertheless quote for your amusement the remark which I have heard so frequently in the course of my long life as a piano teacher. In the beginning a poor rattling piano that is 40 years old and that is tuned regularly once a year and a cheap teacher will do well enough. As soon as the children learn to play really well then we will have a better piano and a better teacher. Yes, but that time never comes and the parents soon conclude that even the most

3:33:01gifted children have no talent and take no pleasure in music and so they stop learning only to regret it when they are older. But the parents console themselves and after a while the old piano is never tuned at all. But as I have told you I do not refer here to your teachers for whom I have a personal regard and who teach on excellent pianos. Number three don't be angry with me for my suggestion ladies. You do not make enough use of the minutes. While our learned education absorbs so much time while our friends require so many hours while alas balls and dinners consume whole days we must be sparing of the remaining minutes. Now I must rush to the piano I must go to dinner in ten minutes two scales two finger exercises two difficult passages out of the piece I have to learn and one exercise to invent on the dominant and sub dominant are soon done and then

3:34:05the dinner will taste all the better. My dear Agnes we might talk forever about this dreadful snow it won't melt the sooner for it how do you like this passage that I am going to play to you it is from a charming nocturne by Chopin and is so difficult that I shall have to play it over fifty times or else I shall always stumble at this place and I never shall know the nocturne to play to anyone don't you think it is beautiful so spiritual and original I can tell you it will be something to boast of when I have accomplished that you like it better the offender I play it so do I we have an invitation out mother has a great deal to arrange and directions to give we shall have to go in ten minutes I must rush to the piano though I am in rather an inconvenient toilet I may as well accustom myself to play in it I shall have to spend three hours this evening

3:35:06without any music well to make up for it I will occupy myself for the next ten minutes with an exercise for this obstinate fourth finger though it is pretty dry that week finger has been a hindrance to many a fine passage in scale that is better now I can put on my tight gloves suppose I should put on the left glove on the way well my young ladies how many hours do you think all those minutes would make in a year but I hear you say what is the use of worrying to pick up all those stray minutes like lost pins we have a whole hour to practice every day when nothing prevents exactly when nothing prevents I will now tell you a few of my secrets for piano performers if in piano playing or in any art you wish to attain success you must resolve to work every day at least a little on the technique sickness and other unavoidable interruptions the

3:36:12preview of days enough practice always with un-exhausted energy the result will be tenfold do you not frequently use the time for practicing when you have already been at work studying for five or six hours have you then strainsed and spirit enough to practice the necessary exercises for an hour or more and to study your music pieces carefully and attentively as your teacher instructed you is not your mind exhausted and are not your hands and fingers tired and stiff with writing so that you are tempted to help out with your arms and elbows which is worse than no practice at all but my dear ladies if you practice properly several times every day ten minutes at a time your strength and your patience are usually sufficient for it and if you are obliged to admit your regular hours practice you have at any rate accomplished something with your ten minutes before breakfast or before dinner or any leisure moment so I beg of you let me have my minutes

3:37:18practice often slowly and without pedal not only the smaller and larger a toads but also your pieces in that way you gain at least a correct healthy mode of playing which is the foundation of beautiful playing do you do this when neither your teacher nor your father or mother is present to keep watch over you do you never say nobody's listening do you take enough healthy exercise in the open air active exercise in all weather makes strong enduring piano fingers while subsisting on indoor air results in sickly nervous feeble overstrained playing strong healthy fingers are only too essential for our present style of piano playing which requires such extraordinary execution and for our heavy instruments so I still beg for the minutes your walks take up hours enough excessive and fatiguing feminine occupations and drawing or painting are by no means consistent with

3:38:19an earnest practical musical education not only because those occupations require so much time but because they deprive the fingers of the requisite pliability and dexterity while knitting according to the latest discoveries produces an unnatural nervous excitement which is unfavorable to the healthy progress in music this is Matt Rogers from Los Cultures this with Matt Rogers and Boan Yang this is Boan Yang from Los Cultures this is Matt Rogers and Boan Yang you know when people try on new food and suddenly it's like wait that's the reaction a lot of people are having when they first try cubie mayo it's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle you've probably seen it in the grocery store before and if you've ever just walked past it some people would say that's a huge mistake because this mayo is different most mayonnaise uses whole eggs cubie only uses egg yolks which gives it this rich umami flavor it's smoother deeper and almost buttery once people try it they start putting it on everything egg sandwiches fries burgers some fans even swear

3:39:22by dipping pizza crust and once you notice it you start seeing it everywhere chefs use it restaurants use it people who really care about flavor use it never try it grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store put it on just about anything then you'll understand cute be the original Japanese mayonnaise this episode is brought to you by spreeker the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain symptoms include buying microphones you don't need explaining our ss feeds to confused relatives and saying things like sorry I can't talk right now I'm editing audio if this sounds familiar you're probably already a podcaster the good news is spreeker makes the whole process simple you record your show uploaded once and spreeker distributes it everywhere people listen apple podcasts Spotify and about it doesn't apps your cousin swears are the next big thing even better spreeker helps you monetize your show with ads meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones start your show today at spreeker.com spreeker

3:40:23because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour you might as well publish it I at least in my instruction on the piano have never been able to accomplish much with ladies who are devoted to knitting crochet and embroidering my dear ladies you who have been born in fortunate circumstances and have been educated by your parents without regard to expense should at least allow the poor girl in the country who was obliged to hide her talents under a bushel the small privilege of making a collar for your mothers or your aunt's birthday present I assure you your mother or your aunt if you surprise them instead with a fine piano performance will be as much pleased as if you strained your eyes and bent your back for days and nights over the needlework and now as regards painting painting and music though theoretically so nearly related agree but poorly in practice at least if you are an earnest about either you say painters often play on the guitar and the flute

3:41:27that may be true I will allow them those two instruments but piano playing stands on a different footing even for mere amateurs sweet melodies on those instruments may afford an agreeable companionship for the painter in his rambles through the woods and over the hills but piano playing should be the friend of a lifetime and nobled by the elevating enjoyment of lofty masterworks therefore I beg you do not dissipate your powers too much leave the art of painting to your friends who are either without talent for music or who have no opportunity to study it our short lives do not allow the successful practice of several arts of what advantage to our higher culture is it to be able to do ten things tolerably well what gain for the future for humanity or for the true happiness of the individual and even if you can succeed in painting something which scarcely can be said to resemble a rose of what advantage is it when we have so many real roses to admire

3:42:32my dear ladies I warn you generally do not be afraid of the so-called classical heavy music especially Beethoven's if you desire to learn from it only or chiefly repose lightness facility elasticity graceful delicate playing and a fine touch it is necessary to play such music after those brilliant qualities have already been to a certain degree acquired by mere studies and appropriate pieces it is however still more foolish and impractical when parents who perhaps are skillful musicians but have no recollection of their own youth hold the mistaken opinion that their children ought from the very beginning to practice and play only fine classical music in order that the children's ears may not be injured by false progressions by insignificant finger exercises and by easily comprehensible Italian heirs and that they themselves may not be ruined body and soul

3:43:33gracious heavens how much pure music suited to the piano have not my daughters as well as many others whom I have brought up to be fine performers played and studied such for instance as the music of Hoonten, Cherney, Bergmüller, Kochbrenner, A and J. Schmidt, Hearts and many others who finds fault now with their musical culture with their sound taste or their want of love for classical music what a long road a child has to travel through a-tudes of Kramer muskalees in Japan before he comes to Bach's well-tempered clavichord or before he is able or ought even to study Beethoven's Sonata Pathetic it is not well though quite in the spirit of the times to condemn without experience from one's own prejudice point of view the methods which those skilled in their business have for years successfully tried and practiced it is possible to make pupils musical in the above way but they will be only dull clumsy bungalows on the piano not fine artists who alone

3:44:37can give a worthy and noble interpretation of classical music I desire that my daughters may never forget my well-considered instructions sustained by the experience of many years and that they may in grateful remembrance of their father and teacher repay to their pupils what they owe to him but I see among my audience several beginners in singing and I beg to be allowed a word to them so long as many of our German song composers considered it beneath their dignity to study the art of singing in the old Italian masterworks and under the guidance of well-qualified singing masters as Gleuk, Naumann, Hassa, Handel, Heiden, Mozart, Celery, Winter and others have done I warn you to take care of your tender voices which are so easily ruined and not to allow yourselves to be misled by ingenious opinions and by music otherwise good. The loss of your voices follows in the footsteps of modern tortures in singing as you may see

3:45:42sufficiently in all our theaters or indeed may experience yourselves in numberless German songs. Apply also to singing what I have just said about piano playing. As you should choose for the piano music suited to the piano so for your studies in singing select only that which is adapted to the voice under the guidance of prudent and educated teachers not of modern voice breakers who allow you to scream in order to bring out the voice. When you have acquired a good technique when your attack is sure and a certain skillfulness in singing has been developed then only you may try by way of experiment a few pieces of such spirited but unskilled song composers who frequently commit sins in every line against correct representation the register of the voice the breathings the pronunciation and a hundred other things. Look around and see who sing these so-called classical songs. They are either singers who do not know what singing is and who have no taste for it which in

3:46:49consequence of their education they never can have or those who no longer have any voice and accordingly sing everything or rather decline it because they cannot sing. This is Matt Rodgers from Los Cultures. He says with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Cultures. He says Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food and suddenly it's like wait that's the reaction a lot of people are having when they first try QB Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle you've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it some people would say that's a huge mistake because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs QB only uses egg yolks which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper and almost buttery. Once people try it they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. Once you notice it you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really

3:47:49care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything then you'll understand. QB the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain symptoms include buying microphones you don't need explaining to confuse relatives and saying things like sorry I can't talk right now I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads meaning your podcast might someday pay for well more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour you might as well publish it. I recommend you to sing to mention the names

3:48:51of two only of our most excellent song composers. The charming songs of Franz Schubert and Felix Mendelssohn who in constant intercourse with the most judicious masters of singing in Vienna and Italy have striven constantly to compose scientifically and have at the same time produced clever songs. But you should sing them not too often or too many of them. Singing in the German language and in syllables and often with clumsy melodies requires a great deal of voice and easily leads to many faults and to a false manner. Remember how strictly Jenny Lin selected for performance in her concerts the songs of Schubert Mendelssohn and Schumann? In this way she succeeded in winning great success even with small short songs. Finally one more secret for performers which weighs heavy in the balance. You want especially if you have not received good early instruction to acquire a habit of moving the fingers very frequently at every convenient opportunity and particularly of letting

3:49:55them fall loosely and lightly upon any hard object while the hand lies upon something firm in an extended position. You must accustomed yourselves to do this unconsciously for example while reading a table or while listening to music. Allow your hand to lie upon the table, raise the fingers and let them fall one at a time, quite independently of the wrist. Particularly for the week 4th and 5th fingers which require to be used a hundred times more than the others if you wish to acquire evenness in the scales. If it attracts attention to do this on the table then do it in your lap or with one hand over the other. To drum with your fingers and stretch your hands on the backs of other people is not often practicable and not necessary. That was only partened in the zealous and original Adolf Henselt who though otherwise such a modest and amiable artist even now in St. Petersburg makes himself ridiculous in this way by his practice of finger movements.

3:50:55Now you perceive the reason why I cannot answer the question which has been asked me innumerable times. How much do your daughters practice? I cannot count up the finger movements and the straight ten minutes just spoken of but it is certain that they practice fewer hours in a day than many thousands who learn nothing for they never practice and they never have practiced wrongly but always correctly and advantageously. One thing more. After my experienced watchful eye had observed in our circle many moving fingers in consequence of my lecture a distinguished lady a Vienna whispered in my ear but my dear heaveek my Amelia is not to be a professional player. I only want her to learn a few of the less difficult sonatas of Beethoven to play correctly and fluently without notes. My dear ladies I do not aim with you at anything more than this. A great many circumstances must combine for the formation of fine concert performers. In fact

3:51:58the whole education from the earliest youth must have reference to this end. If this were not so Germany especially on account of its natural musical talent would be able to annually furnish thousands of virtuoso performers. Has my lecture been too long today? I ask your pardon. My desire to make myself useful to you must be my excuse. If I cannot dispose of such extensive subject in a few words I have not yet exhausted it. End of secrets reading by Marty Cress Chapter 12 of piano and song by Friedrich Viek This is a Libbybox recording all Libbybox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer please visit Libbybox.org read by LG Pag. Chapter 12 Thoughts on piano playing My daughters play the music of all

3:53:05the principal composers and also the best salon music. Limited views of any kind are injurious to art. It is as great a mistake to play only Beethoven's music as to play none of it, or to play either classical or salon music solely. If a teacher can find himself to the study of the first, a good technique, a tolerably sound style of playing, intelligence and knowledge are generally sufficient to produce an interpretation in most respects satisfactory. The music usually compensates for style which may be according to circumstances either dry, cold, tumenotinous or too strongly shaded, and even for an indifferent or careless touch. Interest in the composition frequently diverts the attention of even the best player from a thoroughly correct and delicate mode of execution and from the effort to enhance the beauty of the composition and to increase its appreciation with the hero. In the performance of classical music, inspiration, that is the revelation of an artistic nature

3:54:10and not empty affectation, can be expected only from an artist and not from a pupil. Therefore, with more advanced pupils, I take up in my lessons in connection with the Sonata by Beethoven a nocturn or waltz by Chopin and a piece by Stephen Heller or Schulhoff Henselt, C. Meyer etc. Elegance and polish a certain coca-tree, nicety, delicacy and fine shading cannot be perfected in the study of a Sonata by Beethoven, for which however the latter pieces present much greater opportunities. Besides this, variety is much more sustaining to the learner, it excites his interest, he does not so soon become weary and is guarded from carelessness, his artistic knowledge is increased, and he is agreeably surprised to find himself able to perform three pieces so distinct in character. Expression cannot be taught, it must come of itself, but when are we to look for it?

3:55:13When the stiff fingers are 50 or 60 years old, and the expression is imprisoned in them so that nothing is ever to be heard of it? This is a widespread delusion, let us look at a few of those to whom expression has come of itself. X plays skillfully and correctly, but his expression continues crude, cold, monotonous. He shows too pedantic a solicitude about mechanical execution and strict time. He never ventures on a pianissimo, uses too little shading in piano and plays the forte too heavily and without regard to the instrument. His crescendi and diminuendi are inappropriate, often coarse and brought in at unsuitable places and is ritodandi, that hideous indeed. But Miss Z plays differently and more finely. Truly, she plays differently, but is it more finely? Do you like this gentle, vitis blue, the sickly paleness, these rouged falsehoods, at the

3:56:16expense of all integrity of character, this sweet, embellished languishing style, this rubato and this memory of the musical phrases, this want of time and this sentimental trash? They both have talent, but their expression was allowed to be developed of itself. They both would have been very good players, but now they have lost all taste for the ideal, which manifests itself in the domain of truth, beauty and simplicity. If pupils are left to themselves, they imitate the improper and erroneous, easily and skillfully, the right and suitable with difficulty and certainly unskilledfully. Even the little fellow who can hardly speak, learns to use naughty abuse of words more quickly and easily than find noble expressions. Not schoolmaster has not been surprised at this facility and what good old art has not laughed at it. But you say it is not right to force the feelings of others. That is quite unnecessary, but it is possible to rouse the feelings of others, to guide and

3:57:20educate them without prejudicing their individuality of feeling and without restraining or disturbing them unless they are on the wrong path. Who has not listened to performers and singers who were otherwise musical, but whose sentiment was either ridiculous or lamentable? It is generally acknowledged that, among other things, I have succeeded more or less with all my scholars in the attainment of a fine touch. People desire to obtain from me the requisite exercises for the development of this, but not much can be gained from these. The important thing is how and when they are to be used, and that the most careful attention shall be paid in the selection of other e-tudes and pieces, in order that nothing shall be played which shall endanger the confirmation of the correct touch or really acquired, or shall undo what has been accomplished in the lessons. As I have said before, it does not depend upon much practicing, but upon correct practicing,

3:58:21and that the people shall not be allowed to fall into errors. I am constantly asked, how many hours a day do you do it as practice? If the number of hours spent in practicing gives the measure of the standing of a virtuoso, then my daughters are among the most insignificant, or in fact should not belong to the order at all. This is the place for me to explain myself more fully with regard to playing with a loose wrist in order that I shall not be misunderstood. The tones which are produced with a loose wrist are always more tender and more attractive, a fuller sound, and permit more delicate shading than the sharp tones without body which are thrown or fired off or tapped out with unindurable rigidity by the aid of the arm and forearm. A superior technique can, with few exceptions, be more quickly and favorably acquired in this way than when the elbows are required to contribute their power. I do not, however, sense the performance of many virtuosos, who execute rapid octave

3:59:24passages with a stiff wrist. They often do it with great precision in the most rapid tempo, forcibly and effectively. It must, after all, depend upon individual peculiarities, whether the people can learn better and more quickly to play such passages thus or with a loose wrist. The present style of a viewer playing for virtuosos cannot dispense with facility and octave passages. It is a necessary part of it. Well now consider the use of the loose and independent fingers in playing generally, that is, in that of the more advanced pupils, who have already acquired the necessary elementary knowledge. The fingers must be set upon the keys with a certain decision, firmness, quickness, and vigour, and must obtain a command over the keyboard. Otherwise the result is only a tame, colourless, uncertain, immature style of playing, in which no fine portamento, no poignant staccato, or sprightly accentuation can be produced.

4:00:27Every thoughtful teacher, striving for the best result, must, however, take care that this shall only be acquired gradually and must teach it with a constant regard to individual peculiarities, and not at the expense of beauty of performance and of a tender, agreeable touch. It is a mortifying fact to many critics, artists, composers, and teachers, that the general public show much more correct judgment and appreciation of a fine noble piano performance, and of a simple, pure, well-taught style of singing, and also understand the characteristics of the performer much more quickly than they do. The sensibility and appreciation of beauty with the public is less prejudiced, less curious, more receptive, and more artless. Its perceptions are not disturbed by theories, by a desire to criticise, and many other secondary matters. The public do not take a biased or stilted view. The admiration for Jenny Lind is a striking proof of this, as is also the appreciation of

4:01:30many piano players. The age of progress announces, in piano playing, also, a higher beauty than has hitherto existed. Now I demand of all the defenders of this new style, wherein is this superior beauty supposed to consist. It is useless to talk in a vague way about a beauty which no one can explain. I have listened to the playing, no, the thrumming and stamping, of many of these champions of the modern style of beauty, and I have come to the conclusion, according to my way of reasoning, that it ought to be called a higher, quite different, inverted beauty, a deformed beauty, repugnant to the sensibilities of all mankind. But our gifted age of the future protests against such cold conservatism. The period of piano fury which I have lived to see, and which I have just described, was the introduction to this new essay, only a feeble attempt, and a preliminary to this piano

4:02:31future. Should this senseless raging and storming upon the piano, where not one idea can be intelligently expressed in half an hour, this abhorrent and rude treatment of a grand concert piano, combined with frightful misuse of both pedals, which puts the hero into agonies of horror and spasms of terror, ever be regarded as anything but a return to barbarism, devoid of feeling, and reason. This is to be called music, music of the future, the beauty of the future style. Truly, for this style of music, the ears must be differently constructed, the feelings must be differently constituted, and a different nervous system must be created. For this again, we shall need surgeons, who lie and wait in the background with the throaty improvers. What a new and grand field of operations lies open to them. Our age produces monsters, who are insensible to the planist truths, and who filled humanity with horror.

4:03:31Political excesses of hardly ceased, when still greater ones must be repeated in the world of music. But comfort yourselves, my readers. These isolated instances of madness, these last convulsions of musical insanity, with however much arrogance they may be proclaimed, will not take the world by storm. The time will come when no audience, not even eager possesses of complementary tickets, but only a few needy hylings, will venture to endure such concert performances of the future. I ought to express myself more fully, with regard to expression in piano playing. It is difficult to perform this task, at least in writing, for it can be more easily be practically explained to individual learners. Different teachers, who are inclined to understand my meaning, will find abundant material, as well as all necessary explanations in the preceding chapters. And I will merely say that a teacher who is in doubt with the qualities which I have

4:04:32designated as the three trifles, will seek to excite the same in his pupils, will refine and cultivate them, according to his ability, with disinterestedness, with energy and with perseverance. And truth and beauty will everywhere be the result. Thus you will remain in the present, where there is so much remaining to be accomplished. This is Matt Rodgers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food, and suddenly it's like, wait. That's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything.

4:05:32Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it. Restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Ever trying it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones.

4:06:33Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. These three trifles certainly do not have their root in folly, want of talent, and hair-brained madness. Therefore, the possesses of the latter must look to the future and proclaim a higher, that is, an inverted beauty. Rules for piano pupils. You must never begin to learn a second piece until you have entirely conquered the first. You ought to fix your eyes very carefully on the notes, and not trust to memory, otherwise you will never learn to play at sight. In order to avoid the habit of false fingering, you should not play any piece which is not marked for the proper fingers. You should learn to play chords and skipping notes without looking at the keys, as this interferes with the prompt reading of the notes. You must learn to count nicely in playing, in order always to keep strict time.

4:07:36To use for once the language of the times, which boldly proclaims, such things as these belong to a standpoint which we have already reached, I wish that the musicians of the future may as happily reach their standpoint, not by hollow phrases and flourishes, and the thrashing of empty straws, but by practical, successful efforts, and striving for that, which is better. What is the value of your method in the instruction of pupils who have for years played many pieces from notes, but to play them badly and whom we are called upon to lead into a better way of playing? A reply to this frequent inquiry can be found in my first chapter, above all things, let the notes which have already been played be laid aside for a long time, for a mistaken style of playing these has become so confirmed that to improve them is hopeless, and the tottering edifice must fall to the ground. First, improve the touch, help to acquire a better and more connected scale, teach the

4:08:39formation of different cadences on the dominant and subdominant, and the construction of various passages on the quarter of the diminished seventh, to be played with correct, even and quiet fingering, legato and staccato, piano and forte. Pay strict attention to the use of loose fingers and a loose wrist, and allow no inattentive playing. You may soon take up with these studies some entirely unfamiliar piece of music suited to the capacity of the pupil. It is not possible or desirable to attempt to make a sudden or thorough change with such pupils, even if they should show the best intentions and dosity. You should select a light, easy piece of cell-on music, but of a nature well adapted to the piano which shall not be worrisome to the pupil, and in the improved performance of which he will take pleasure. But if you still find that he falls into the old, faulty manner of playing, and that the recently acquired technique, which has not yet become habitual, is endangered by it,

4:09:40lay this too aside, and take instead some appropriate hude, or perhaps some little prelude by Bach. If in the place of these, you choose for instruction of ponderous sonata, in which the music would distract the attention of the pupil from the improved technique, you give up the most important aim of your instruction, and occupy yourself with secondary matters. You will sense you and instruct in vain, and will never attain success. You must consider, reflect, and give your mind to the peculiar needs of the pupil, and you must teach in accordance with the laws of psychology. You will succeed after a while, but precipitation, compulsion, and disputes are useless. The improvement of a soprano voice, ruined by over-screening, requires prudence, patience, calmness, and modesty, and a character of a high-type generally. It is also a very thankless task, and success is rare, while on the piano, a fair result may always be accomplished.

4:10:44I return once more to the subject so frequently discussed, that I may try to relieve the universal difficulty of our Lady pianists. I have heard much playing of late, in parties both small and large, unwelcomed, and on ill tuned pianos, on those with which the performer was familiar, and on those to which she was unacustomed, from the timid and the self-possessed, from ladies of various ages, possessed of more or less talent, and in various cities, the result was always the same. We hear from the ladies that they could play their pieces at home before their parents or their teachers, but this is never sufficient to enable them to save their hearers from weariness, anxiety, and all sorts of embarrassment. My honoured ladies, you play over and over again to Miserca's, two waltzes, two nocturns, and a funeral march of Chopin, the Miserca and other pieces by Schulthoff, the Trill Hude and the tremolo by Karl Meier, etc.

4:11:47It makes no difference to you which. You might be able to master these pieces pretty well, but instead of this, you yourself are mastered. You become embarrassed, and your hear is still more so. The affair ends with apologies on both sides, with equivocal compliments, with encouragement to continue in the same course, with acknowledgement of fine hands for the piano, with uneasy, forced congratulations to the parents and teacher, but it is always a happy moment when the fatal swear-a is over. The next day I am forced to say again over the same, miserable, poorly and tediously performed funeral march of Chopin, and over the Timmerous B. Major Miserca by Schulthoff. The left hand is always left in the lurch, in the difficult sipping bases of this piece, and in others of the present style, which are rich in harmony and modulations. The base part in this piece is apt to suffer from timid and false tones. Frequently, the fundamental tone is omitted, or the little finger remains resting upon

4:12:50it. Instead of giving the eighth note with a crisp, elastic, and sprightly touch, and the chords are tame and incomplete. This is Matt Rogers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food, and suddenly it's like, wait. That's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. That's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this Mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it, people who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store.

4:13:51Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need, explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives, and saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today. Spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. You do not give them their full value. You leave them too quickly because you were afraid of not striking the next low note

4:14:52quickly enough. But on the other hand, you do not strike it at all. And one missing tone brings another one after it. The right hand, being the most skillful, is supposed to play with expression, and really does so. But this only makes the performance the worse. The fundamental tone is wanting, and you are led to make a mistake in the skip and strike the wrong key. Finally, the whole thing is ended in terror. I have an uneasy night. I dream of your fine hands, but the false and the weak notes start up between like strange spectres or will of the wisps, and I wake with the headache instead of with pleasant memories. Now me to give you a piece of advice. Play and practice the bass part are great deal, and very often, first slowly, then quicker, during one or two weeks, before playing the right hand with it, in order that you may give your whole attention to playing the bass correctly, delicately, and surely.

4:15:53Even when you can get through the mosaic tolerably well, you must not think on that account that you will be able to play it in company, under trying circumstances. You ought to be able to play the piece by yourself with ease very frequently, perfectly, and distinctly, and in very rapid tempo before you trust yourself to perform it even slowly in company. At least, practice the more difficult passages for the right hand very frequently, particularly the difficult and bold conclusion that it may not strike the hearer as rough, weak, tame, or hurried. It is an old rule if you begin well and end well, all is well. You ought to practice the skipping bass over and over again by itself, otherwise it will not go. An incorrect or deficient bass, without depth of tone and without accentuation, ruins everything, even the good temper of the hearer. One thing more, you know very well Chopin's nocturn in E flat, and have played it, among

4:16:54other things, for the last four weeks. Suddenly you are called upon to play in company. You choose this nocturn because you have played it nearly every day for four weeks, but alas, the piano themes have come to confuse you. You strike a false bass note, and at the modulation the weak little finger touches too feebly. Ba, the fundamental tone is wanting. You are frightened and grow still more so. Your musical aunt is frightened also, the blood rushes to your teacher's face, and I am muttered to myself, so to jou la mème. The present style of skipping bass requires a great deal of practice and perfect security. It is necessary for you to know the piece by heart, in order to give your whole attention to the left hand. It is also essential that you shall have acquired a clear, sound touch. Otherwise, you cannot give a delicate accent and shading. You must never allow yourself, without previous preparation, to play those pieces of music

4:17:56in company, in which an elegant mode of execution is all important. Otherwise, you will be taken by surprise by unexpected difficulties. You must always pay special attention to the fundamental tones, even if there should be imperfections elsewhere. Where one fault is less important than another, have two evils choose the least. You have been playing now for six or eight years. Are you repaid for the trouble if it only enables you to repair embarrassments for others? You are not willing to play easy, insignificant pieces, and such pieces as you choose require industry, earnestness, and perseverance. Young ladies, it is easy to discover the character of a person from his manner of standing, walking, moving, and speaking, from the way he bows, puts on and takes off his hat, or the arrangements of the household, and we seldom are in error about it. It is also possible to infer beforehand how you will play and what sort of performance

4:18:57you will give, from the manner in which you take your seat at the piano. You sidle up to the piano lazily, bend over in a constrained manner, in your embarrassment, you place yourself before the one line or two line C, instead of before F. You sit unsteadily, either too high or too low, only half on the seat, leaning either too much to the right, or to the left. In the word, as if you did not belong to the fatal music stool. Your manner awakens no confidence, and in this way announces that you have none yourself. How do you expect to exercise control over a grand seven octave piano if you do not sit exactly in the middle, with the body erect, and the feet on the two pedals? You are not willing to look at the friends straight in the face, with whom you are to carry on a friendly, confidential discourse. Even if your attitude and bearing were not so injurious and dangerous for the performer, as it is, still, propriety and good sense would require that you should excite the confidence

4:20:00of your hearers in you, and in your playing by a correct position of the body, and by a certain decision and resolution, and should prepare him to form a good opinion of you. There are indeed many virtuosos who think they give evidence of genius by throwing themselves onto the piano stool in a slavvently lounging manner, and try to show, in this way, their superiority to a painstaking performance, and to make up by showing norshulance for what is wanting in their playing. You are, however, a stranger to such assertion of superior genius, and to such an expression of intensity of feeling, you do it only for embarrassment, and for a modest want of confidence in your own powers, which is quite unnecessary. No great masters, such as field, humal, muskiles, Mendelssohn, and others, had no taste for such improprieties, for such manifestations of genius. They apply themselves to their task with earnest devotion, and with respect for the public.

4:21:05CHAPTER XII CHAPTER XIII of Piano and Song by Friedrich Vick This is our Libra Votre recording. All Libra Votre recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibraVox.org. CHAPTER XIII on Musical Talent A large and varied experience is required for a correct estimate of musical talent in the young. Do not be deceived by early evidences of talent. For instance, interest in melodies, correct feeling for time, and instinct for accenting the important notes, inclination for some peculiar, though often perverted, style of performance, quick apprehension, a natural aptitude for playing, a nice hearing, animation, rapid progress,

4:22:08docility, superficial guillotine, even if all or a part of these traits are observable in early youth, they must not excite to sanguine hopes. I have often met with such phenomena and have been called upon to educate such little piano prodigies. They advanced quite rapidly and understood everything readily. If I did not make too much demand upon their wavering attention, I dreamed of the extraordinary surprises that these marvelous youths would create at twelve or fourteen years of age. But the fulfillment of my ideal, I saw only in my mind's eye. For just then, the improvement came to a sudden standstill. A fatal moment when the teacher is perplexed to know what to do next. The musical nature seemed to have exhausted itself. To have outlived itself, the pupil even felt this, his interest in the piano and in music generally grew feeble. His plane suddenly became careless, powerless, spiritless, he played with evident indifference.

4:23:12Out into the fresh air, into open natural scenes, now for a journey. I allowed a long vacation to intervene. The pupil was quite contented and had no desire for the piano, or, if so, only jingled a little. At last we began again, but we spent our time without much result. He was nevertheless still musical, but he finally ranked at best with dozens of other players and ended as an ordinary piano teacher. Similar halts in progress occur in fact with all pupils, especially with female scholars, but they are not usually so lasting, so discouraging, or so significant of exhaustion. They are surmounted after a short interval by the discontinuance of serious musical studies. Perhaps by reading at sight for a while, by occupying the pupil for a time with theory, or with attempts at composition or improvisation, by allowing him to listen to other players better or worse, by giving him interesting books to read, by making him acquainted with

4:24:15Beethoven, or, in other ways. From our observation of such sudden changes and of the frequent occurrence of unskilledful management, we can explain the sudden appearance and equally sudden disappearance of innumerable infant prodigies in our age, who have excited hopes and have almost all of them been lost, or have passed out of sight and resulted in nothing of value. I have always preferred a gradual, even slow development, step by step, which often made no apparent progress, but which still proceeded with certain constancy, and with deliberation, and which was combined with dreamy sensibility and a musical instinct, requiring slow awakening, and even with a certain flightiness, one for which the patient labor and perseverance of six years or more was required, and where childishness allowed no encouragement to sort its speculations for the future. In such cases, when my instructions were not disturbed by untoward circumstances, the result

4:25:16has always been a desirable one, but how much patience and perseverance has this required. I have reflected much and often spoken, both seriously and playfully, of the slow advancement of my pupils, allowing here to describe five phases or stages of human development. This is Matt Rodgers from Lost Culture East, with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Lost Culture East, with Matt Rodgers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try a new food, and suddenly it's like, wait, that's the reaction. A lot of people are having when they first try QB mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake, because this mayo is different. With mayonnaise, you use this whole egg. QB only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it.

4:26:20And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything. Then you'll understand. As you beat the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Springer. The platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need. Explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio. If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is, Springer makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Springer distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Springer helps you monetize your show with ads, meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreeker.com. Spreeker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well

4:27:23publish it. First stage. In the first two or three years, man is far behind the animal. He was quick instinct distinguishes the good from the bad, the useful from the injurious. The child, without hesitation, rolls off the table, or knocks his brains out, or destroys himself with poisonous herbs or arsenic. Nevertheless, let him at that age hear plenty of pure sounds, music, singing, etc. He will soon learn to listen, like the little black poodle. He already has a dim suspicion that other things exist which are not evil, besides Mama, Papa, the nurse, the doll, and the sound of words. Second stage. From the fourth to the seventh year, instinct is developed, which in the animal surprises the observer in the first two weeks of life. Now we should begin with the technique, at least with the correct movement of the fingers

4:28:24upon the table. The child should be told that he shall soon produce the pleasant tones, which he has been accustomed to hear from infancy. But that for this a quick and quiet movement of the fingers is necessary, which must be acquired by daily practice. This is entirely in accordance with nature, for man is appointed to learn. Let the child lay his hand upon the table, and knock upon it with the first finger, i.e. the thumb stretched out, without using the muscles of the arm, then with the second, third, and fourth fingers, in an almost perpendicular position, and with the fifth finger extended. Then let him strike its third, with the first and third fingers together, a fourth with the first and fourth fingers together, first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and afterwards with both together, etc. From the seventh to the twelfth year, at this stage unrulyness makes its appearance, and

4:29:26at the same time the notes. But not Beethoven, that would indeed be an unfortunate musical indulgence. Violent outbreaks of untamed strength, unexpected freaks, alternations of rude instinct and quick intelligence, of lofty fancy and artless simplicity, disobedient, much appetite, etc. All these must be shaped and made subservient to the object we have in view. Do you understand me gentlemen? Fourth stage. Excellent parents, who desire to see the right fruits of your care and labor, have patience. First there comes the foreshadowing of manhood, a very interesting period. The youth steps out of the animal into the human kingdom, and often is unable to forget his earlier condition, but revels in sweet remembrance of it. Try now gently and timidly, Beethoven, Chopin, Schumann, and the like. This extraordinary being, one-fourth animal and three-fourths human, requires to be awakened,

4:30:30excited, and to have the imagination aroused, and above all requires the most careful guidance. It is necessary to stir and agitate the nature in order that reflection, conscience, the sensibilities of the soul, feeling, creative power, and all inward conditions shall be developed, and that out of this chaos shall be brought a clear and beautiful order. Fifth stage. The adult man in his 18th year. The year, however, varies with individuals, and can be modified at will. If I should enter into details of the four earlier stages of humanity and treat in addition of the adult male, I should be obliged to write a philosophical work on the subject, and that might not be entertaining. I should be obliged to beg your indulgence for a tedious book, and my daughters certainly would not thank me for it. They are very sensitive, but I must nevertheless secretly whisper in your ear that my daughters, like the daughters of many others, have been carried through these five stages in the

4:31:32most careful and thorough manner. I ought to know that best. Here you have the answer to many questions. Cautions. I warn pianist and others also in blame. One, against any showy and unsuitable display. Why should you wish to attract attention and to create an effect of foppishness and all sorts of grimaces, or by curious and marvelous exhibitions of virtuoso-ship? Have you not only to play musically and beautifully, and to deport yourself with modesty and propriety, direct your whole attention to the business in hand? That is, to your performance, and endeavor to secure for it the interest of the public, who are so easily rendered inattentive. We want no more public performances from eccentric geniuses. Two, do not devote yourself exclusively to pieces calculated to show the skill of the performer. Why desire always to show off your power and octave passages? Your trills, your facility and skips, your unprecedented stretches, or other fantastic

4:32:38feats. You only produce weariness, satiety, and disgust, or at least you make yourselves ridiculous. Three, play good music in a musical and rational manner. The public are tired of hearing potpourries, made up of odds and ends, tedious aitudes, rapthities, fantasies without fancy. Dismill monotony and endless cheap silly cadences that mean nothing. Learn to understand the age and the world in which you live. Four, do not make yourselves ridiculous by new inventions in piano playing. I mentioned, for example, one of the most foolish affectations of modern times. You try to quiver on a note. Most as violin and cello players are unfortunately too much inclined to do. Do not expose yourselves to the derision of every apprentice in piano manufacturer. Have you no understanding of the construction of the piano? You have played upon it, or have some of you stormed upon it for the last ten years.

4:33:43And yet you have not taken pains to obtain even a superficial acquaintance with its mechanism. The hammer, which by its stroke upon the string, has produced the sound, falls immediately when the tone resounds. And after that you may caress the key with which has set the hammer in motion. Figure round on it as much as you please, and stagger up and down over it, in your intoxicated passion. No more sound is to be brought out from it. With all your trembling and quivering, it is only the public who are quivering with laughter at your absurdity. 5. Give up the practice of extreme stretches. Widely dispersed harmonies may sometimes produce a good effect, but not by too frequent and too eager an employment of them at every opportunity. Even the greatest beauties and art can lead to mannerism, and this again to one's sightedness. Art should be many-sided, and you must never produce the impression that you are inclined

4:34:45to make the means an end. I beg you to reflect that too much practice of very wide stretches infeebles the muscles and the power of the hand and fingers, and dangers and even sound touch, and makes the best style of playing a doubtful acquisition. Teachers ought to therefore use great prudence, and only gradually to permit their pupils, especially young girls, to practice great extensions and wide stretches. To learn to be able to strike ten notes is quite enough. 6. Before you perform a piece, play a few suitable chords, and a few appropriate passages or scales up and down. But play no stupid trash, such as I have heard from many virtuosos, in order to try whether the condition of the instrument presents any unexpected difficulties. Try carefully also the unavoidable pedal. A creaking, rattling, grating pedal is a frightful annoyance. I wonder if the piano of the future is to suffer from this also.

4:35:49Showpans funeral march, with Obligato accompaniment of a squeaking pedal sentiment, even although the emissions and mistakes in the base do not occur, alas, who can describe the effect of this melancholy march. 7. I have written a special article on the manner of sitting at the piano, and I will refer you once more to that. 8. Use no mechanical aids in practicing. Not even the dumb keyboard, although with very careful use, that is not without value. Strength will come with time. Do not try to hurry nature. The table is the best dumb keyboard, as I have already explained. The hand guide is also unnecessary. Its value is compensated by its disadvantages. 9. Do not let your ears crowd too near while you are playing. Do not play the same piece to couple. You may be justified in breaking off in the midst of a piece, if there is loud and continuous

4:36:51talking, etc. I hope you will give me the honor of your company again at my suarez. I am no writer of comedies, but I can tell you a great deal that is interesting and amusing, which I have myself experienced. 10. Chapter 14 of Piano and Song by Friedrich Wieck This is a Liebervox recording. All Liebervox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Liebervox.org. Chapter 14. Extravagances in Singing and Piano Playing. An evening party at Mr. Goals. Dramatist Persona. Mr. Goal, the banker, fond of music. Mr. Goal, read by Peter Bishop. Mrs. Goal sings and is an invalid. Mrs. Goal, read by Liberty Stump.

4:37:53Mr. Silver Bookkeeper, formerly a singer with Strauss. Mr. Silver, read by David Olson. Mr. Pius, a friend of the family, a musical imposter and a hypocrite generally. Mr. Pius, read by David Lawrence. Mr. Forte, a piano virtuoso of weak nerves. Mr. Forte, read by Marty Chris. Dominie, a piano teacher. Dominie, a piano teacher, read by Algie Pag. Emma, his daughter. Emma, read by Sarah Holtz. Mrs. Goal has just been singing in the modern Italian manner, suddenly alternating exaggerated high and low tones, given in a jerking manner with inaudible pianissimo in the throat, and quavering on every note with many ornaments and always a quarter of a tone too flat. She sang all the four verses of fondly I think of the bycribbs. Really not to go on, Mrs. Goal.

4:38:54The piano is a little too high and you're obliged to accustom yourself a little to it. Ah, cannot sing anymore. That beautiful song is taken such hold of me and I feel so badly. Whisper's to Dominie. Mr. Forte did not accompany me well either. Sometimes he did not come in right and played too feebly, and sometimes he improvised too much in playing and overpowered my voice, which is a little weak just now. Aside to Emma. What an evening of singing. Oh dear. Who has been earnestly talking about stocks all the evening in an injoining room rushes in but rather late after the close of the song and impetuously presses his wife's hand. Marvelous, magnificent, delicious, wonderful. My dear you are in excellent voice this evening. If Jenny Lent could only have heard you. Charming, superb, how touching. There is a religious character in this piece, something holy about it.

4:39:59I beg of you, do sing that heard by Voss. True happiness. That will make our enjoyment complete. It is truly ravishing. There is something divine in singing and your expression, your feeling Madame. You give yourself up so entirely to the composition. Mrs. Gold has already taken up true happiness and can hardly wait while Mr. Forte murmurs off the introduction, quite after his own fancy with a sentimental piano. Mr. Pius drops of tear at the close of the introduction, the four bars of which have been transformed into eight bars by the great Virtuoso. During the tremulous effected performance of true happiness, Mr. Pius rolls up his voice and dies and at the end of the first verse where the accompanies to once more gives the reins to his fancy, he says, I am speechless. I cannot find words to express my emotion. Aside to Emma. That you may call Ford sentiment the counterfeit of feeling.

4:41:02You hear now how one ought not to sing. For an earnest true musician such a warmth in singing is only empty affectation, disgusting sentimental rubbish and hollow disimmulation. You will, however, frequently meet with such amateur in felicities. Mrs. Gold has finished singing all the verses of true happiness and seems now to have almost entirely recovered. Mr. Gold continues to converse about stocks in the adjoining room. Dominic remains with Emma at the end of the parlor, depressed and worried. Mrs. Seated the piano and says in French to Mrs. Gold. Madame, you have reached the climax of the beautiful in music. I counted one of the happiest moments of my artistic tour to be allowed to breathe out my soul at the piano in the presence of one like yourself. What a loss that your position must prevent you from elevating the German opera to its former greatness as its most radiant star.

4:42:04By this time quite well. I must confess that Jenny Lindt never quite satisfied me when she was here. She is and must always remain a sweet, utterly cold. If she had been educated here, she would have listened to more passionate models than in Stockholm, and that would have given the true direction to her sensibility. You are quite right. You have a just estimate of her. In Paris, where she might have heard such examples she lived in perfect retirement. I was giving concerts there at the time, but she refused to sing in my concerts, and therefore she did not even hear me. Whom the excitement of the singing has at length reached. Do you feel inclined now, Madame, to execute with me the duet from Da creation? This is Matt Rogers from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. This is Bowen Yang from Los Culturistas with Matt Rogers and Bowen Yang. You know when people try on new food and suddenly it's like, wait. That's the reaction.

4:43:04A lot of people are having when they first try Cupid Mayo. It's the one with the red cap and the little baby on the bottle. You've probably seen it in the grocery store before. And if you've ever just walked past it, some people would say that's a huge mistake. Because this mayo is different. Most mayonnaise uses whole eggs. Cupid only uses egg yolks, which gives it this rich umami flavor. It's smoother, deeper, and almost buttery. Once people try it, they start putting it on everything. Egg sandwiches, fries, burgers, some fans even swear by dipping pizza crust in it. And once you notice it, you start seeing it everywhere. Chefs use it, restaurants use it. People who really care about flavor use it. Never try it, grab the bottle with the red cap next time you're at the store. Put it on just about anything, then you'll understand. Cupid, the original Japanese mayonnaise. This episode is brought to you by Spreaker, the platform responsible for a rapidly spreading condition known as podcast brain. Symptoms include buying microphones you don't need. Explaining RSS feeds to confused relatives. And saying things like, sorry, I can't talk right now, I'm editing audio.

4:44:07If this sounds familiar, you're probably already a podcaster. The good news is Spreaker makes the whole process simple. You record your show, upload it once, and Spreaker distributes it everywhere people listen. Apple podcasts, Spotify, and about it doesn't apps your cousins swears are the next big thing. Even better, Spreaker helps you monetize your show with ads. Meaning your podcast might someday pay for, well, more microphones. Start your show today at spreaker.com. Spreaker, because if you're going to talk to yourself for an hour, you might as well publish it. Between Adam and Eve. Here is the creation, but we will sing it by and by. Mr. Fortay is just going to play us his latest composition for the left hand, and some of the music of that romantic, deeply sensitive Chopin. Rushes in from his stock discussion. Oh yes, Chopin's being major Mazorka, that was also played at my house by Henselt, Thalberg, and Dreshock. Oh, it is touching.

4:45:08Oh, how touching. To his daughter. If he plays it in the same manner in which he accompanied true happiness, you'll hear how this Mazorka should not be played. It, by the way, is not at all touching. It gives quite boldly the Polish dance rhythm as it is improvised by the peasants in that country. But it is, however, idealized after Chopin's manner. Mr. Fortay plays several perilous runs up and down with various octave passages, all the time keeping his foot on the pedal, and connects with these immediately, and without a pause the Mazorka, which he commences presto. He played it without regard to time or rhythm, but with a constant rubato and unmusical jerks. A few notes were murmuring in distinctly pianissimo and played very retardando. Then suddenly a few notes were struck very rapidly and with great force, so that the strings rattled, and the final B major chord cost the life of one string.

4:46:12Excellent, Brafissimo! What a comprehension of the piece, such artistic performances make one even forget the stock exchange. You agitate my innmost nerves! The English poet, Pope, holds that no created man can penetrate the secrets of nature. But you have penetrated the secrets of my soul. Now do play it once, the F-sharp minor Mazorka, Opus 6. What a musical evening Mrs. Gold has prepared for us! What sublime sorrow lies in this production! A side. What would Father Strauss say to this affected unmusical performance, that bids defiance to all good taste? Mrs. Gold, it would be well descend for the tuner to replace this broken B string. The next one will break soon, for it is already cracked, and its turn is fallen. With a superior air. It is of no consequence.

4:47:13That frequently happens to me, but I never mind it. The piano is a battlefield where there must be sacrifices. Wispers to Emma. He thinks that if the sound is not musical, still it makes a noise, and turns out of tune, produce more effect than those that are pure. Where did he learn piano playing? My child, he has not learned it. That is genius, which comes of itself. Instruction would have fettered his genius, and then he would have played distinctly, unaffiqutedly, and in time. But that would be too much like the style of an ammeter. This uncontrolled, hurly-burly, which pays no regard to time, is called the soaring of genius. Mr. Forte storms through various unconnected cords with the greatest rapidity, with the pedal raised, and passes without pause to the F-sharp minor, Missouri. The accents vehemently divides one bar and gives it two extra quarter notes, and from

4:48:16the next bar, he omits a quarter note, and continues in this manner with extreme self-satisfaction till he reaches the close. And then, after a few desperate cords of the diminished seventh, he connects it with list transcription of Schubert's serenade in D minor. The second string of the two line to be snaps with a rattle, and they're ensues a general whispering, whether the piece is by Mendelssohn, or Doherr, or Beethoven, or Proch, or Schumann, until finally Mr. Sover mentions Schubert's serenade. Mr. Forte concludes with the soft pedal, which in his inspired moments he had already made frequently use of. To Emma. You should never play in company without mentioning previously what you are going to perform. You observe as soon as the serenade was mentioned, it put a stop to the guessing. What a glorious performance! What an artistic treat! What spirituality in his playing!

4:49:18Asking Mr. Forte for information. I noticed in the serenade, you made only one bar of the two where it modulates to have major in your rapid playing of the passage. Was that accidental? Assigned. Yato played a little slower just there. In such beautiful passages, everything must be left to the suggestion of one's feelings. Perhaps another time I may make three bars just as inspiration and genius may intimate. Those are aesthetic surprises. Henselt, Moskeleys, Talberg, and Kraurovig do not execute in that manner, and consequently can produce no effect and do not travel. To Emma. I hope that your natural taste and your musical education will preserve you from such preposterous extravagances. Such play makes one feel quite uncomfortable and worried. Probably that is what you call a devilish modern. Yes.

4:50:18But do people like it? Certainly. A great many people do. It has a superior era of genius and sounds very original. Mrs. Gold has the creation in her hand, and Mr. Sover leads her to the piano for the execution of the grand duet between Adam and Eve. Mr. Forte is exhausted, and Dominie plays the accompaniment. Mr. Sover sings intelligently and unaffectedly. Mrs. Gold has before, but with still less regard to time and more out of tune. As she tries to compensate for this by introducing very long ornaments at the Pramate and the Allegro, sung with her thin, piercing, overstrained voice, and she frequently rolls up her black eyes. At the conclusion, Mrs. Gold was led to an armchair in great exhaustion of feeling. The divine art of music celebrates its perfect triumph in such interpretations of Hayden. Mrs. Gold, were those delicious Pramate of your own invention?

4:51:20No. The charming Vyardo Garcia first introduced them as Rosina in The Barber of Svill, and I had them written down by a musician in the theatre. But the employment of them in this duet is my own idea. I have already surprised and delighted a great many people with them in parties. The grand rushing chromatic scale with which the artistic Garcia astonishes everyone, when acting the dreaming, fainting Amina in La Sanamula, I introduce in the grand area of the divine prophet. Rather timidly it is true for the boldness of a Garcia can only be acquired on the stage. But Father, Jenny Lynn sang in this duet in Vienna quite simply and with a pure religious spirit. That is the reason Mrs. Gold says Jenny Lynn sings too coldly, and ought to listen to more passionate models, but we will talk more about this at home. Now, Mr. Dominie, will not your daughter Emma play a some little trifle?

4:52:23Afterwards, I will execute with Mr. Silver by thy loving kindness, O Lord, and a few duets by Cookeon, and finish if the company wishes with the grace, Arya. Will you allow me first replace this broken string? Your Dominie has finished Mr. Forte strides up to the piano and plays his attitude for the left hand with the right hand extended towards the company. To Mr. Forte after the conclusion of the piece. Would it not have been easier and more to the purpose if you had used both hands? We must for to give old people such pedantic observations. You entirely mistake my standpoint. Do you not see that I am standing with one foot in the future? Are you not aware that the public wished not only to listen, but to see something strange? Do you not perceive also that my appearance of ill health produces a great musical effect? Do you not feel the special charm and the fine effect which is produced by the left hand

4:53:30playing alone? And no less by the right hand extended. Is it so? Well, probably feeling is taken a false direction with me. I shall be obliged to accustom myself to such perisian flights of sentiment. Emma played Chopin's ballad in A Flat Major after Dominie had previously announced it. The company were attentive. At the conclusion. Bravo! A very good beginning Mr. Dominie. I am sorry that I am obliged to take leave now. I am obliged to go to two more suáres this evening and have many letters of introduction to deliver. Miss Emma, I have just heard that you play finally a great deal of Chopin's music. Let us hear his two latest nocturns. To Emma. Have you heard the famous Camilla Plail play Colk Brenner's charming D minor concerto? Do you not also play such brilliant music?

4:54:30For example, Dúler's beautiful pathetic nocturno in D Flat. Mr. X lately played that to us enchantingly. I know it. I am teaching it to our little sister Cecilia. Will you now allow her to play Chopin's two nocturns, Opus 48? I will say nothing about the conclusion of the singing, the grace Aria. At midnight there was a grand supper, washed down the sweet wine and seasoned with better recollections of this musical evening.

4:55:32Communication from an old literary friend to whom I sent my eighth chapter requesting his opinion of it. Motto. There are unreceptive times, but that which is eternal outlives all times. John von Mouler. My dear friend, I have read your eighth chapter. What you forceiciously call the three trifles seemed to me to be the three most important points, even if you had described them simply as Fintaste, Deep Feeling and Goodia. Who expects superlative excellence from the age in which he lives and who dares to attack it in his most vulnerable parts? You grow more harsh and disagreeable and you do not seem to consider how many enemies you make, among those who think that they have longer go advanced beyond these three points. Just now too, when there is so much said about the intellectual music and about the inner nature of the future, and when such fine expressions are invented about it, you come forward with your three unseasonable trifles in the subulletive degree.

4:56:33Do you imagine that our intelligent age cannot discern your hidden satire? You say that our times are in need of your three trifles and the nest-so-knowledge and experience, while are two. As for Prince Louis III and Ann, Ducec Clemente, Himmel, Hummel, C-M-V Weber, Beethoven, etc. Who has not heard all about them? After them comes the period of piano fury, and the composition is appropriate for it. Now the three trifles required are distorted tastes, hypocritical feeling and a depraved air, combined with the necessary superficiality and some power of production. Voila too. After that, musicians be think themselves once more of the genuine three trifles and return to reason, and we are allowed to take delight in Chopin, Mendelssohn, Franz Schubert, Robert Schueman, and a few others of the same sort and again in Beethoven. These were succeeded by mere right imitators, they were not how are of much significance. Finally, the very latest progress introduces a still more extravagant piano fury.

4:57:37The three trifles are now distorted taste, no feeling, and no effortone. And with these are required the necessary audacity, a measurable vanity, senseless exhibitions of strength, a poor touch upon the piano, and what they call intellect. The compositions are now embellished with appropriate pictures on the cover and with attractive title pages. In addition there is much talk about a higher beauty, the standpoints which have been already surmounted, artistic flights, and the misunderstanding of the inner consciousness. Genius must be free, etc. My old conservative friend, you are seen through. Your influence and more especially your ideas about singing belong only to a past age. They date from the last century. You will be derided with your Jenny Lind and Henrietta Sontag. They are lifeless images of singers to be kept in a glass case. Are you willing to remain ignorant of the magnificent modern style of voice? Can you not go forward with the advancing age?

4:58:40Progressive philosophers will wrap you over the knuckles. You imagine that our times will stop for a couple of lectures. You will yet have to learn what intellect signifies. In short, I should not like to stand in your shoes. You should conclude your book with Peter Pachavi, even in misfortune your sympathising friend V.E. End of chapter 15 End of piano and song by Friedrich Wieck.