21 Adar - Talmud Torah 7

0:00In Hulkha's Talmatari Parag Zayin, there are no discusses of Khacham or any other person for that matter who has soured, and Bezden is required to put him into Niduya form of excommunication. The Ramam begins by saying that Khacham or Anasi or an Abbasin that soured, we never put them into Niduya in public unless they soured so bad that there were like Yerav and Benavat who caused lots of other people to sin publicly. What does Niduya mean? And the Ramam continues, they say that this person should be Nishamasa, and then there's a more extreme version of Niduya called Khayram and they say this person should be Makhram. And there's different language for if they are doing it in front of the person, or if they're not doing it in front of the person. How do they take them out of the Niduya of the Khayram? The Ramam continues and says that they just say, you shari lach, it's untied for you, it's makhul for you, and if they did it in front of him, they have different language to use whether if it's done remotely. When someone is in place in Niduya, there's a number of halakhas that apply to them with

1:01the way they need to treat themselves and the way other people treat them as well. So a person who's in Niduya is not allowed to take a haircut and not allowed to take baths similar to like an Aval. They're not allowed included in a Zimun for benching, they're not allowed included into a minion or anything that needs ten people, and they can that sit with them within four amas of him. But he's able to teach other people and people are allowed to teach him Tyra, and he's a lot to be hired and rent himself out and rent others in order to help him with his work. And if he dies when he's in the state of Niduya, the best and says that they place a stone on his on his coffin to say that they're like stoning him because he was separate from the Zibur. And obviously the Ramam says that they don't do a hespit firm, they don't eulogize him, and they don't walk after his meetah, it goes by itself. Additionally, when someone is in Khayram, in addition to the Niduya, he does not teach to other people, other people don't teach him, but he's a lot of learn Tyra for himself that he doesn't so he shouldn't forget his learning, and he does not get hired, rented

2:01out, and he can't rent others, and people don't do business with him, they only do the minimum required for him to be able to survive and have food. Someone who was in the Niduya for 30 days and didn't ask to be moderate, they put him in the Niduya second time, and if it happens a third time then they put him in the Khayram. The Ramam continues and says that in order to be moderate, Niduya Khayram, it's done typically with three people, even regular people, Nathamir Khayram, and if there's a single person who's a mumqan expert, he could be moderate, moderate by himself, additionally, a student could be moderate, a Niduya Khayram, even in the place of his teacher. If three people put someone into a Niduya and then they left, and the reason why they put that person into a Niduya went away, then three other people could come and be moderate this Niduya. Someone who does not know who put him into a Niduya, he could go to the Nasi and the Nasi will be moderate for him. The Ramam continues and says that someone who was put into a Niduya on a condition, even by himself, like he put himself into a Niduya, it still needs to be maferin, it still still needs to have fire, it needs someone to take it away from him.

3:04Someone who was placed in a Niduya in his dream, he needs to have ten people that learned Allah Khayram to be moderate and even if he knows who it was in the dream, if he's not able to find them and then he has to travel up to a parsa, if within a parsa he can't find such people, then he could get ten other people who know less learning and it keeps going down if he can't find that, he could even eventually just find three people who could help him and to be moderate. The Ramam continues and says that if a person put someone into a Niduya while they were in front of him, then they only are moderate in front of him. And there is no difference between putting someone into a Niduya into someone being mafer to the Niduya, it could be done in one second as soon as the person returns to good and decides to act in the proper way. Additionally, a bezzam could keep someone in a Niduya for many years if they deemed so appropriate and they could also place with the Niduya someone else who engages with that person. The Ramam concludes by saying that even though a time Khayram could put someone into Khayram for being disrespectful to him, the original Khayram would always take, listen to people

4:05that criticism and not return, respond harshly back to them. And the Ramam concludes, but if it's done in public, then the Tamil Khayram is now on to be Michael.