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4 Min Rambam — 20 Adar - Talmud Torah 6. Machine-transcribed; use the interactive transcript above to jump the player to any line.
In Hechist Al-Mathair, a paragraph of the Raman discusses the respect we have to have for all time in the Chachamim and for older people. The Raman begins by saying that every Tammal Chacham is a means to respect them, even if he's not your teacher. And the primary obligation is to stand before them when they're in your presence, which is within four Amats. We don't stand up in front of a Chacham though, if it's in a bathhouse or a basic Kitsu or something similar to that. And similarly, people who are in the marketplace doing their work when the Chacham passes by, they do not stand up in order not to lose money. It's not fitting for a wise man or for a teacher to cause people to have to stand up excessively for them. And so therefore, they should try to go into shortest path possible and many of the Chachamim would go and round about routes where people didn't recognize them in order not to cause people the need to have to stand up for them. If the Tammal Chacham is riding on an animal and the assumption here is also in a car that we would stand up for them just like as if they were walking. If there are three people going together, the Tammal Chacham is in the middle and the greater student is on the right and the lesser student is on the left.
Someone who sees a Chacham only stands up for them when they're with him for hours of him. And once he passes by, he sits down. If he saw the Abbas then you stand up as soon as you see him and you only have to sit down, you can sit down as soon as he passes by with him for hours away. The Nasi though, we stand up as soon as we see them and we don't sit down until either he sits down or we can't see them anymore. The Nasi is allowed to be Michael on his carpet and when the Abbasan comes into the show they make two rows for him to stand up for him to go through and everybody else sits. When a Chacham comes into the show, you can think of the crowd as like an ocean and there's a ripple effect. As a Chacham is passing by, there are people that stand up who are with him for hours of him and as soon as he passes those people sit down and other people stand up. A student who is sitting in front of his teacher generally has to sit before him and is not allowed to stand up and go away except for Chacharas and Mayerv to say Shema because his the cover of the teacher should not be greater than the cover of Shema him. Someone who is very old, even if he's not a wise person, we should stand up from him and
even if even a wise child stands up in front of an older person who is just old and is not necessarily wise. Even an older guy, we respect them with words and we give them a hand to help them, like it says when they see the taco. Aminachacham themselves go out to deal with all the communal things of digging ditches or building the wall of the city, et cetera, or giving the taxes in the same way. And also similarly, if they have business to attend to, we let them sell first in order that they can go back to learning terror. Similarly, if they have a case, they usually judge their cases first so that they could go back to learning terror. It's a great sin to embarrass Aminachacham or to hate them and your Shalime was not destroyed by the first person, because she until they embarrassed Aminachacham. Even though someone who embarrasses Aminachacham doesn't have a chaelic in Al-Mahabah, if two eight in came, two witnesses came that a person embarrassed Aminachacham, he's obligated to be excommunicated with a Niduay and all the people must respect that excommunication
that Niduay. A teacher who puts someone into excommunication for his own honor, all of his students have to abide by it, but if a student does it, the teacher does not have to. And this is all discussing about someone who was put into Niduay because he embarrassed Aminachacham. Someone who's in, but there are 24 cases in general in Al-Halachah where someone would be put into this kind of Niduay and details are in the last Al-Halachah of this perk. Some of the examples are someone who embarrasses Aminachacham even after his death, someone who embarrasses Aminachacham best and someone who calls his friend a slave, someone who doesn't reply to best and when they ask him to come, someone who goes, who make, who's like of the things of the Khachamim, and see the rest in the last Al-Halachah of the perk.
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