NASA Finally Knows Why Satellites Fail Over South America

0:00Sear has all the best active and outdoor brands you need from athletic stuff like a full-court pick-up game Swish to athletic ish stuff like a half-mile stroll get those steps in and for morning hikes up the mountain trail Good pace tonight time ghost stories from the camping chair What a twist whatever level of active seara loves it all head to seara or seara.com for the brands You want it the prices that let you do it all from athletic to athletic ish seara's got it Vimo stash a taco on one hand and ordering a ride in the other means you're stacking cash back with Vimo stash Get up to five percent cash back when you pick a bundle of your favorite brands are more cash when you do more Stash Vimo stash terms and exclusions applied. That's one hundred dollars cash back per month See terms of memo dot me slash stash terms There's a mysterious dent in our planet's magnetic field and it's slowly growing It stretches from South America to Africa and what's horrifying is that it's weakening earth's protection shield against the sun They call it the South Atlantic anomaly and

1:01Well most people on earth don't feel its effects for now Satellites and spacecraft passing through it already do Deep inside our planet. There's a giant ball of molten iron and nickel the outer core the metal inside is so hot that it's Constantly moving and swirling This movement creates electrical currents and when electricity flows it generates a magnetic field This field surrounds the entire planet like a protective bubble Without it life on earth would be in serious trouble The sun blast out charged particles called solar winds that could destroy our atmosphere over time Luckily the magnetic field deflects most of these particles keeping us safe Other planets without magnetic fields like Mars lost their magnetic fields got their atmosphere stripped away leaving them dry and lifeless And also without the magnetic field our technology and equipment gets all messed up

2:07Satellites power grids and even airplanes could get hit by intense radiation This would lead to communication failures GPS errors and blackouts And now something strange has been going on underneath the African continent an Enormous blob of dense rock deep inside the earth called the African large low-shear velocity Provinces has been growing and messing the magnetic field up Scientists think that this weird rock like thing is messing with the flow of the outer core Disturbing the magnetic field above it That disturbance is what weakens the shield over the South Atlantic It's like a crack in a windshield. It might not shatter immediately, but the weak spots spreads over time Now NASA is watching it closely Satellites passing through this anomaly experience random glitches and shutdowns Sometimes their circuits short circuit from high-energy solar particles

3:10Mission operators have to turn off systems before entering the danger zone and it's only getting worse This episode is brought to you by Peloton break through the busiest time of year with the brand new Peloton cross-training Tread plus powered by Peloton IQ with real-time guidance and endless ways to move You can personalize your workouts and train with confidence Helping you reach your goals in less time let yourself run lift sculpt push and go Explore the new peloton cross-training tread plus at one peloton dot com Introducing shark facial pro glow a first of its kind at home facial pro level extraction removes impurities and Dual temperature technology boosts radiance and deep puffs with both insta heat and insta chill technology Treat yourself through a hydro fueled glow in minutes and because shark facial pro glow fits in the palm of your hand You can get that luminous post spa glow anywhere visit shark beauty dot com to learn more

4:13The anomaly is drifting westward. This means that new areas could fall under its influence What's even worse? It seems like it's been splitting in two which means our planet has been developing two weak spots instead of one And here's something crazy Some scientists believe that this entire thing is part of a long-term cycle that's been repeating for over 11 million years And that cycle would make our magnetic poles flip North could literally become south and vice versa Earth's magnetic poles have flipped before although the last time that happened was 780,000 years ago way before humans started roaming around the planet These reversals happen every few hundred thousand years Now some wonder if our anomaly is the beginning of the next flip But scientists aren't sure if we're overdue or just in a temporary phase

5:14Luckily if a flip were to happen it wouldn't be instant it would take thousands of years But as the field weakens more radiation would reach Earth's surface It would mess up not just technology and equipment, but also us and even animal migration patterns Many animal species use Earth's magnetic field to navigate And they even have some potential culprits that could have caused this weird thing There are two massive mysterious blobs of hot dense material deep inside our planet One is under Africa and the other formed under the Pacific Ocean They're called large low velocity provinces Basically huge underground rock like formations Both blobs are gigantic Each one is hundreds of times taller than Mount Everest and stretches across thousands of miles They make up 6% of the entire Earth's volume and are one of the biggest geological features inside our planet

6:17They're also super weird and could be structured more like trees than some lumpy mountains Scientists imagine them as soft and rock at first But based on recent imaging techniques it looks like they might actually have jagged branch-like structures extending upward These are like branches of a tree They could be feeding hot spot volcanoes at the surface like the ones in Hawaii Scientists still don't know exactly what these blobs are However, they believe they control a lot of what happens on Earth's surface Stuff like volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and of course changes in the magnetic field They may also be linked to super volcanoes and mass extinctions The eruptions that they could cause could be like the ones that happened in ancient times And possibly wiped out entire You've been there Settling in for an evening of TV only to waste half the night scrolling

7:20Enter Fire TV Entertainment with zero effort required Fire TV serves up personalized recommendations from across all your apps Not sure what to watch Just tell Alexa Plus what you're in the mood for and she'll pull up the perfect recommendation Problem solved Stop the scroll, start the show Find what you're looking for with Fire TV Subscriptions may be required If the blobs are connected to super volcanoes They might have had absolutely insane disasters in the past And might even cause more troubles in the future But they also help us control plate tectonics Which affect earthquakes and mountain formation They might also contain material from Earth's early days Or even from Thaya That was the mysterious planet that crashed into Earth And helped form the moon about 4.5 billion years ago Finally, Earth literally breathes because of these blobs

8:22Which is insane The sun and the moon's gravitational pull stretches the Earth slightly Making it rise and fall like a breath But now, scientists found that this tidal movement is slightly off-kilter over the blobs They literally interfere with how the Earth's mantle moves These two huge structures actually actively affect how our planet behaves Which is super dangerous We only recently learned how these blobs actually appeared on our Earth It's all because of the sunken ocean crust Over hundreds of millions of years Parts of the ocean floor have sunk deep into the Earth's mantle These slabs of rock stacked up at the bottom This way, they slowly formed these massive blobs of recycled crust Scientists haven't agreed on whether the blobs are heavier or lighter than the rest of the mantle One study suggested they are denser

9:24Which would mean they're made of heavier material Another study suggested they are less dense Meaning they could be hot, rising plumes of lighter rock The African blob is suspected to be one of the causes of the South Atlantic anomaly But scientists are still investigating how exactly they are connected Since the African blob is basically a giant dense blob sitting on top of the outer core It could cause troubles The African blob is hotter and possibly chemically different from the surrounding mantle It could be disturbing the outer core, affecting the magnetic field, weakening it Another crazy thing is that they might contain an ocean of water Locked inside their minerals Scientists discovered that huge amounts of water as much as all of Earth's oceans combined Are trapped in minerals deep in the mantle One mineral, ringwoodite, can store water inside its crystal structure

10:28But it's only possible under extreme pressure and super hot temperatures Like in the deep mantle So there could be vast hidden water reservoirs inside the blobs Not literal bodies of water of course, but tons of little water molecules Weirdly locked away deep beneath the surface If this water were somehow released It could potentially trigger massive volcanic activity Or even affect global climate But the blobs are not the only factor for this weird anomaly Other factors also contribute, like the tilt of Earth's magnetic field Changes in the core's iron flow and even plate tectonics However, the large provinces are making things worse They keep evolving somehow Scientists think that it might be because massive columns of hot rock Called mantle plumes are rising from deep inside the Earth These plumes could be pushing the giant pieces of Earth's crust like tectonic plates around

11:31Especially in the Pacific Ocean If this is true, then these giant underground blobs aren't just sitting still They're moving, changing, and shaping the Earth's surface all the time Almost like they're alive So what does this mean for the future? If the African blob continues evolving The South Atlantic anomaly might get larger or shift further affecting more satellites and spacecraft Right now, there are still more questions than answers Every new data point helps predict how it will evolve And whether we need to worry about the worst case scenarios For now, NASA isn't panicking but they're watching very closely Because whether it's a harmless shift or a sign of something bigger One thing is clear Something deep inside Earth is changing Two good and co-coffee creamers are made with farm fresh cream

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