Exodus 40: Tabernacle Set Up Bible Commentary

Exodus 40 concludes the book of Exodus with the completion and consecration of the Tabernacle, the portable sanctuary for God's presence among the Israelites. The chapter details the following key events:

1. God's Instructions to Moses: The Lord commands Moses to set up the Tabernacle on the first day of the first month, including arranging its furnishings such as the Ark of the Covenant, the table, the lampstand, and the altar of incense. Moses is also instructed to install the altar of burnt offering, the laver, and the surrounding courtyard curtains. Additionally, Aaron and his sons are to be anointed and consecrated as priests to serve in the Tabernacle (verses 1-15).
2. Moses' Obedience: Moses faithfully carries out all of God's instructions, setting up the Tabernacle exactly as commanded. He places the Ark in the Most Holy Place, sets up the veil, arranges the furnishings, and prepares the courtyard. Moses also anoints the Tabernacle, its furnishings, and Aaron and his sons with oil, consecrating them for service (verses 16-33).
3. God's Presence Descends: After the Tabernacle is fully assembled, the glory of the Lord, manifested as a cloud, covers the Tent of Meeting and fills the Tabernacle with His presence. This divine presence is so powerful that even Moses cannot enter the Tabernacle at that moment (verses 34-35).
4. Guidance for the Journey: The chapter ends by describing how the cloud of God's presence guides the Israelites. When the cloud lifts from the Tabernacle, the Israelites move forward on their journey; when it remains, they stay encamped. This visible sign of God's guidance continues throughout their travels (verses 36-38).

Significance: Exodus 40 marks the fulfillment of God's promise to dwell among His people, as the Tabernacle becomes the central place of worship and communion with God. The chapter emphasizes obedience to God's commands, the sanctity of worship, and the tangible presence of God leading the Israelites as they prepare to continue their journey toward the Promised Land.