Could a Neanderthal Outrun You? | Smartest Year Ever (Apr 25, 2025)

Neanderthals weren’t just strong—they were fast. Built like linebackers, not marathoners. Gordy breaks down how fast a Neanderthal could sprint, using modern biomechanics, anthropology, and evolutionary science.

With shorter limbs but massive muscle attachments, Neanderthals could hit estimated speeds of 20–25 mph in short bursts—almost matching elite modern athletes. So, could they beat you in a 40-yard dash? The answer might surprise you.

Explore the science of speed, the evolutionary split between Neanderthals and modern humans, and what it means to be built for burst, not distance.

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Sources:

• Payne, R.C., & Crompton, R.H. (2014). Biomechanical consequences of shorter lower limbs in Neanderthals. Journal of Human Evolution, 76, 98–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.03.002
  

• Raichlen, D.A., & Lieberman, D.E. (2009). Running, endurance, and Homo evolution. Journal of Human Evolution, 56, 403–410.
  

• University College London. (2019). Neanderthals sprinted through Ice Age woodlands. UCL News. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2019/jan/neanderthals-sprinted-ice-age-woodlands
  

• Churchill, S.E. (2014). Thin on the Ground: Neandertal Biology, Archeology and Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell.
  

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