英语新闻丨能源生命线不应被挟持

Washington's announcement of a naval blockade targeting maritime traffic to and from Iranian ports — halting "all passage" linked to Iran — marks a new escalation in a crisis already teetering on the edge. Although the US Central Command insists that freedom of navigation for non-Iranian ports remains intact, such distinctions collapse quickly in a narrow waterway. Reports describe a near standstill in shipping.

华盛顿宣布对进出伊朗港口的海上交通实施海上封锁，停止与伊朗相关的"一切通行"，标志着这场本已岌岌可危的危机出现新的升级。尽管美国中央司令部坚称，前往非伊朗港口的航行自由不受影响，但在狭窄水道中，这种区分很快便名存实亡。据报道，航运已几乎陷入停滞。

The result is a paradox: a waterway Washington vowed to reopen for the world is now closed even tighter by the US itself.

这种结果显然是一种悖论：美国曾誓言要为世界重新开放的航道，如今却被美国自己封锁得更加严实。

This escalation comes at a delicate moment. The first round of face-to-face talks between Washington and Tehran in Islamabad seems to have yielded little tangible progress, despite neither side wanting, or able to afford, an indefinite conflict. That shared reluctance is the thin thread holding the current process together. It is also what makes the latest US move so counterproductive.

此次升级发生在一个微妙的时刻。华盛顿与德黑兰在伊斯兰堡举行的首轮面对面会谈似乎收效甚微，尽管双方都不希望、也无力承受一场无限期的冲突。这种共同的犹豫，是维系当前进程的脆弱纽带。也正因如此，美国的最新举措显得适得其反。

Washington's approach reflects a transactional style of diplomacy — one that treats geopolitical crises as high-stakes negotiations to be accelerated through pressure, unpredictability and economic leverage. In this framework, escalation is not seen for what it is — a failure of diplomacy — but a tool of it. The belief being: Apply enough pressure, be it military, financial, or psychological, and the other side will eventually succumb.

华盛顿的做法反映了一种交易式外交风格——将地缘政治危机视为高风险谈判，可通过施压、不可预测性和经济杠杆加以推动。在这一框架下，冲突升级不被视为其本身所意味着的外交失败——而被视为一种外交工具。其信条是：施加足够压力，无论是军事、财政还是心理层面，对方终将屈服。

There is, however, a misjudgment in this logic when applied to the Middle East. It assumes that the other side shares the same cost calculus. Tehran does not. If anything, Iran has demonstrated a greater tolerance for pain and a longer time horizon.

然而，当这种逻辑被应用于中东时，却存在误判。它假定对方共享相同的成本计算方式。德黑兰却并非如此。恰恰相反，伊朗表现出更强的承受痛苦的能力和更长的时间视野。

The blockade risks achieving the opposite of its intended effect. Rather than forcing a quicker deal, it hardens positions and increases the likelihood of miscalculation. Naval maneuvers in confined waters, warnings of "deadly whirlpools", and the ever-present risk of an incident spiraling out of control all point to a dangerous feedback loop.

封锁可能适得其反。它不是迫使协议更快达成，反而会固化立场，增加误判的可能。在狭窄水域的海军行动、关于"致命漩涡"的警告，以及局势随时可能失控的固有风险，都指向一个危险的恶性循环。

In the meantime, the outcome is not leverage but paralysis, with the global economy bracing for further shocks. As Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in his meeting with the presidential special envoy of the United Arab Emirates to China in Beijing on Monday, blocking the Strait of Hormuz does not serve the common interests of the international community. Political and diplomatic means are the fundamental ways to resolve the issue and achieve a comprehensive and lasting ceasefire.

与此同时，结果不是获得筹码，而是陷入瘫痪，全球经济正承受进一步的冲击。正如中国外交部长王毅周一同阿联酋总统特使在北京会晤时所言，封锁霍尔木兹海峡不符合国际社会共同利益。政治和外交手段是解决问题、实现全面持久停火的根本途径。

Yet compounding the US-Iran dynamic is the role of Israel. The Israeli government has shown little enthusiasm for de-escalation, continuing operations in Lebanon. This introduces a third variable into what is already a complex negotiation process. Even if Washington and Tehran were to find common ground, actions elsewhere could have the potential to quickly unravel it.

然而，以色列的角色使美伊互动更加复杂化。以色列政府并未表现出缓和局势的意愿，其在黎巴嫩的行动仍在继续。这给本已复杂的谈判进程引入了第三个变量。即便华盛顿与德黑兰有望找到共同点，其他地方的行动也可能迅速将一切瓦解。

This creates an impasse. Neither the US nor Iran can fully trust the other's commitments. Add a third party with its own agenda, and the scope for misjudgment multiplies. The danger is not that diplomacy will fail outright, but that it will be repeatedly derailed. Each escalation narrowing the space for compromise.

这就造成了僵局。无论是美国还是伊朗，都无法完全相信对方的承诺。再加上一个自有议程的第三方，误判的空间便成倍增加。危险不在于外交会彻底失败，而在于它将反复脱轨。每一次升级都在压缩妥协的空间。

There is, however, an alternative path. The five-point initiative jointly proposed by China and Pakistan offers a framework that addresses the structural risks now on display. Its call for an immediate cessation of hostilities, the protection of civilians and infrastructure, and — crucially — the safeguarding of shipping lanes speaks directly to the current crisis. Its emphasis on dialogue and the primacy of international law provides a counterweight to unilateral action.

然而，还有另一条道路。中国和巴基斯坦联合提出的五点倡议提供了一个框架，可应对当前正在显现的结构性风险。倡议呼吁立即停止敌对行动、保护平民和基础设施，以及——至关重要的是——保障航运通道的安全，这直指当前危机。倡议对对话的强调和对国际法首要地位的坚持，是对单边行动的制衡。

It is precisely the kind of steady, rules-based approach that is needed when brinkmanship begins to dominate. For all the talk of leverage, the reality is that neither Washington nor Tehran will be able to achieve its objectives quickly through force alone. Instead, that will further raise the eventual cost of settlement.

当边缘政策开始占据主导地位时，正是需要这种稳健、基于规则的路径。尽管有关筹码的各种议论不绝于耳，现实却是华盛顿和德黑兰都无法仅靠武力迅速实现各自目标。相反，这样做只会进一步提高最终的解决成本。

The Strait of Hormuz is both a symptom and a warning. When a global commons becomes a bargaining chip, temporary disruption risks becoming lasting instability. The belligerents should recognize that some levers are too important to pull. As Beijing has urged, all parties concerned should exercise calm and restraint. China stands ready to continue playing a positive and constructive role in this regard.

霍尔木兹海峡既是症状，也是警示。当全球公域成为谈判筹码时，暂时的混乱就有演变为持久动荡的风险。交战双方应当认识到，有些杠杆太重要，不该轻易扳动。正如北京方面所敦促的那样，有关各方应保持冷静和克制。中方愿继续为此发挥积极和建设性作用。

Diplomacy rarely delivers instant results. It requires patience, credibility and a willingness to accept imperfect outcomes. The talks in Islamabad may yet produce such an outcome — but only if they are given the space to do so.

外交很少能立竿见影。它需要耐心、信誉以及接受不完美结果的意愿。伊斯兰堡的会谈或许仍能达成这样的结果——但前提是必须为其留出足够的空间。

teeter /ˈtiːtər/摇摇欲坠；步履蹒跚

standstill /ˈstændstɪl/停滞；停顿

paradox /ˈpærədɒks/悖论；自相矛盾的情况

indefinite conflict /ɪnˈdefɪnət ˈkɒnflɪkt/无限期冲突；旷日持久的冲突

counterproductive /ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv/适得其反；产生反效果

succumb /səˈkʌm/屈服；屈从

paralysis /pəˈræləsɪs/瘫痪；麻痹

unravel /ʌnˈrævəl/瓦解；解体

impasse /ˈæmpæs/僵局；死胡同