Jupiter’s Grand Tack: Shaping the Early Solar System

The Grand tack hypothesis describes a period in the early Solar System when Jupiter and Saturn underwent significant orbital migration, moving toward the Sun before reversing direction. This theoretical movement, comparable to a sailboat tacking, likely dictated the final architecture of the inner planets by clearing away excess material. The model provides a solution for the Mars problem by explaining why the Red Planet remained so small compared to Earth. It also clarifies the structure of the asteroid belt, which contains a diverse mix of rocky and icy bodies scattered by the gas giants' passage. While the theory addresses the absence of super-Earths, critics point to potential issues regarding gas accretion and the specific gravitational resonances required for such a migration. Scientists continue to evaluate alternative models, such as pebble accretion or early instabilities, to explain these cosmic mysteries.

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