Google Part II: Alphabet

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Episode: Google Part II: Alphabet
Pub date: 2025-08-26

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In its first six years from 1998 to 2004, Google built one of the greatest products of all time (and certainly the greatest business of all time) with Search. Then in its next six years from 2005 to 2011, Google built seven (!) more billion+ user products: Gmail, Maps, Drive and Docs, YouTube, Chrome, Android, and Photos — all either started from scratch internally or acquired as startups that were still in their infancy. This six-year period of wild innovation STILL stands unmatched in technology history… no other tech company counts more than four billion+ user products in its portfolio total. And of course, this “Google 2.0” era culminated in the transformation of the very company itself into Alphabet.

So the question we answer today is… how did they do it?? And why? What was the strategy that led a once “pure play” search company into such far flung fields as email, mapping, funny cat videos and operating systems? We unpack the brilliant (and sometimes accidental) strategies behind each product, the simultaneous three-front war Google fought against Microsoft, Apple, and Facebook, and the spectacular failure of Google Plus that nearly destroyed the company's culture — before ultimately setting the stage for both Alphabet and the AI revolution to come.

Update: when you finish, check out our Google Part III episode, "The AI Company"!

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Links:

• Sign up for email updates and vote on Fall Season episodes!
• Jeff Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat New Yorker article
• Eric Schmidt on stage at the iPhone keynote (!)
• Bill Gurley’s classic “Less than Free” Android post
• Our recent ACQ2 episode with Bret Taylor and Clay Bavor
• Worldly Partners’ Multi-Decade Alphabet Study
• Episode sources

Carve Outs:

• Bluey x Camp in NYC
• Steam Deck vs Switch 2 (Part 2)
• Claude
• Sony RX100 VII
• Carissimi clothing

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